问题 多项选择题

20世纪80年代以来,分工和专业化的发展主要呈现出()的特征。

A.管理专业化

B.分工国际化

C.灵活专业化

D.职能专业化

E.协作紧密化

答案

参考答案:B, C, D, E

解析:20世纪80年代以来,世界范围的分工和专业化的发展呈现出新的特点,具体包括:①分工和专业化扩展到国际范围,在以零部件和工艺专业化为主要内容的产业内,横向分工成为国际分工的主要形式;②出现了新型的专业化形式,即企业业务或职能的专业化,"业务外包"正在成为新的分工潮流;③在制造业高级化的过程中,以机器为核心的"机械专业化"正在被以人为核心的"灵活专业化"所取代,出现了新型的"灵捷制造方式";④在分工深化的同时,协作的重要性空前提高了,建立在精密分工基础上的紧密协作将成为未来发展的新潮流。

单项选择题
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His name is James,but people call him Rocky.The name fits.He’s big,over six feet tall,and he’s tough when he needs to  be.James “Rocky” Robinson lives and works in New York City’s Bedford­Stuyvesant district,one of the poorest and most dangerous neighborhoods in the United States.Yet it is here in Bed­Stuy that he is saving lives and reviving a community.

In 1966,when Rocky was twenty­six years old,his seven­year­old niece was struck by a car on the street of Bed­Stuy.Had someone at the scene known first aid or CPR,she might have lived.But by the time she reached a hospital,she was dead.

His niece’s unnecessary death was one reason why Rocky became a paramedic (护理人员).Working for the Emergency Medical Service of New York City,he realized that more than half the city’s emergency calls came from high­crime areas.According to Rocky,residents of crime­plagued minority neighborhoods like Bed­Stuy sometimes had to wait as long as 26 minutes after calling 911 for an ambulance while calls in richer white communities were answered in_a_fraction_of_the_time.

Rocky decided to find out more about the problem.His research showed that the richer communities had organized their own ambulance corps (特殊部队) to improve city services because the city was overwhelmed with calls.“If that’s the key to success,”he told his friend and EMT (Emergency Medical Technician) colleague,Joe Perez,“we’ll start our own corps in Bed­Stuy!”

In 1988,Rocky had no idea that he and Joe would be attempting to establish the first minority­run ambulance service in the country,or just how creative he would have to be to overcome the difficulty.The pair’s first challenge was to find a location for the headquarters.They took over an abandoned building that was commonly used by drug dealers.Because there was no electricity or running water (except for the leaks in the roof),the two men worked during daylight hours.They used a two­way radio to receive emergency calls.

Although they could make do with their new headquarters,Rocky and Joe still lacked the most important component of an ambulance service:an ambulance.An old Chevrolet (雪佛兰) got them to the scenes of accidents,fires,shootings,and stabbings.But the car didn’t always start.At times,they were forced to strap (用带捆绑) their trauma kits and oxygen tanks to their backs and run on foot to the emergencies.Everyone laughed,except the victims who were still alive when  Rocky and Joe arrived.

小题1:The author believes the name “Rocky” fits James because________.

A.he is a tall and tough man

B.he is tall and does something big

C.he is living in a tough community

D.he leads a tough community小题2:James’ seven­year­old niece would have been saved if________.

A.she had been sent to a better hospital

B.she had got first aid and arrived in hospital earlier

C.James had been at the spot

D.emergency calls had been available in the area小题3:The underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 means________.

A.in a short time

B.over a long time

C.in the near future

D.from time to time小题4:We can infer from Paragraph 4 that________.

A.ambulance corps were only allowed in rich white communities

B.James found white communities made more emergency calls

C.city services were not enough to meet people’s need

D.it was easy to establish the minority­run ambulance service