问题 问答题

煤、石油、天然气等能源在地球上已探明的蕴藏量是有限的,从人类目前利用这些能源的消耗速度估算,石油和天然气不过几十年,煤不过一百年就会消耗尽.因此,进一步开发利用新能源已显得十分迫切.氢气是一种高效而无污染的理想能源,下列(1)--(6)是某化学小组的学生查阅资料归纳的工业上制取氢气的方法,其中包括正在研发的方案.(1)电解法:2H2O通电2H2↑+O2

(2)甲烷转化法:CH4+H2O催化剂CO↑+3H2

(3)水煤气法:C+H2O  100℃CO↑+H2

(4)碳氢化合物热裂法:CH4高温C+2H2

(5)设法将太阳光聚焦产生高温使水分2H2O高温2H2↑+O2

(6)寻找高效催化剂使水分解产生氢气

如果将来人类广泛使用氢气作为能源,那么上述6种方法中你认为可行的且很有发展前途的方法是哪几种?并逐步说明理由.______.

答案

(1)电解法:2H2O通电2H2↑+O2↑,消耗电能成本太高,所以不可行.

(2)甲烷转化法:CH4+H2O催化剂CO↑+3H2↑,甲烷是不可再生的化石燃料,目前贮量已大大减少,所以不可行.

(3)水煤气法:C+H2O  100℃CO↑+H2↑,水煤气法需消耗能源,且原料用化石燃料煤,所以不可行.

(4)碳氢化合物热裂法:CH4高温C+2H2↑,反应物是化石能源且反应需消耗能量,所以不可行.

(5)设法将太阳光聚焦产生高温使水分2H2O高温2H2↑+O2↑,原料是贮量较大的水,能量来自可再生的太阳能,所以可行.

(6)寻找高效催化剂使水分解产生氢气,原料是贮量较大的水,不需消耗能量,所以可行.

故答案为:方法(5):太阳能是取之不尽的廉价能源.方法(6):催化剂大大加快了水的分解速度.

阅读理解

My husband and I had just opened up a pet sitting business earlier that year. Our customers had slowly risen from three to thirty a month. We were busy through those hot summer months, driving between visits. Our services were strictly held at the pet owner’s home. It was almost too busy for the two of us, but we were making good money! 

We asked pet owners new to our services to phone two weeks ahead so we had enough time to meet the owners and pets at their homes and make any following meetings before the owner leaves.

One day, we decided to take on a new customer just two days before they would leave. We met the family, filled in a form, and spent some time with their dog, Hercules. He playfully jumped on us and touched our hands and arms using his tongue. The family laughed as he did this, showing us that he was very loving.

Two days later I appeared at the house, alone. I came up to Hercules and said hello happily. I filled up his water bowl and cleaned any messes he made. Meanwhile, he was so lovely sitting beside. I thought this would be the good picture to send to the owners, a usual service. After the light and “click” sound went off, Hercules rushed at me. I didn’t know what had just happened until I noticed the drops of blood. I ran out and did the only thing — calling my husband.

Then I went to neighbors for help. My husband arrived after ten minutes. The helpful neighbor and my husband led Hercules back into his pen (圈). Then my husband and I took off to the hospital.

I must have looked like I was shot when I walked into the hospital. The nurses quickly moved me to a room. I asked the doctor in a weak but playful manner, “ Am I going to die?” He replied, “Finally.”

小题1:According to the text, the author’s work was        .

A.tiring and dangerous

B.easy and free

C.well paid

D.done outdoors小题2:What did the author often do during her work?  

A.Cleaning the clients’ house.

B.Walking the pets outside.

C.Bringing the pets to her own house.

D.Taking a photo of pets to the owners.小题3:It can be inferred from the text that the author was attacked because         .

A.Hercules feared the sound and the flash

B.the author attacked Hercules first

C.Hercules was very hungry then

D.the author treated Hercules badly小题4:The doctor’s answer gave us a sense of         .

A.anger

B.humor

C.carelessness

D.patience

多项选择题