问题 问答题

(5分)

催化剂在科研、医药生产和电子工业等前沿领域有着广泛应用。

(1)为探究二氧化锰对氯酸钾分解的催化作用。在相同条件下,同学们按下表进行实验并记录相关数据。(其他影响实验的因素均相同)

编号KClO3质量/g其他物质质量/g待测数据
实验12.0  
实验2aMnO2  0.5 
① 表中a的数值应是   。

② 表中的待测数据指   (填字母序号)。

A.氧气的质量

B.反应后固体的质量

C.氧气的体积

D.单位时间内产生氧气的体积③ 设计“实验1”的目的是   。

(2)同学们继续探究二氧化锰是否参与了氯酸钾的分解反应。

氯酸钾和二氧化锰混合加热的化学方程式为:2KClO3="===2KCl" + 3O2↑。已知氯酸钾与二氧化锰混合加热时连续发生如下反应,试分析后按要求填空。

(I) 2KClO3 + 2MnO2="==2KMnO4" + Cl2↑+ O2↑;

(II)    (用化学方程式表示);

(III)K2MnO4 + Cl2="==2KCl" + MnO2 + O2↑。

通过以上分析,同学们得出结论:二氧化锰参与了氯酸钾的分解反应。

【拓展】氟利昂释放出的氯原子参与了臭氧层的破坏,其微观示意图如下:

综合图中①②③的反应过程,写出臭氧层被破坏的化学方程式  

答案

(1)①2.0   ② D  ③对比(或对照、或空白实验)

(2)

完形填空
完形填空

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