问题 解答题

求证:在直角三角形中,如果一个锐角等于30°,那么它所对的直角边等于斜边的一半.

答案

已知,在Rt△ABC中,∠A=30°,∠ACB=90°.

求证:BC=

1
2
AB.

证明:

证法一:如答图所示,延长BC到D,使CD=BC,连接AD,易证AD=AB,∠BAD=60°.

∴△ABD为等边三角形,

∴AB=BD,

∴BC=CD=

1
2
AB,即BC=
1
2
AB.

证法二:如答图所示,取AB的中点D,

连接DC,有CD=

1
2
AB=AD=DB,

∴∠DCA=∠A=30°,∠BDC=∠DCA+∠A=60°.

∴△DBC为等边三角形,

∴BC=DB=

1
2
AB,即BC=
1
2
AB.

证法三:如答图所示,在AB上取一点D,使BD=BC,

∵∠B=60°,

∴△BDC为等边三角形,

∴∠DCB=60°,∠ACD=90°-∠DCB=90°-60°=30°=∠A.

∴DC=DA,即有BC=BD=DA=

1
2
AB,

∴BC=

1
2
AB.

证法四:如图所示,作△ABC的外接圆⊙D,∠C=90°,AB为⊙O的直径,

连DC有DB=DC,∠BDC=2∠A=2×30°=60°,

∴△DBC为等边三角形,

∴BC=DB=DA=

1
2
AB,即BC=
1
2
AB.

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     You are from a middle-class family, and live in a normal-size home without any showy possessions, but

you are worried that he will want to live as they do, and wonder if you should move.

     Sometimes big pocket money, joyful birthday parties, special playrooms and super-big houses tell you that

your neighbors probably have more money than you do, and that they're not as careful as you are with money,

but you may.

     Find that they cook and dig in the garden with their children just as often as you do, talk with them as freely

and read to them every night.

     Or you may find that some of these parents stay in one wing of their big house while their child plays by

himself, way off in a wing of his own. In that unfortunate case, he is basically growing up alone without being

looked after properly, but this can happen to a child who lives in a normal-size house, too, if he has a TV, a

computer and a few video games in his room. Even the most caring parent doesn't walk in and out of it to see

what show her child is watching, what Internet site he has found and if he's still playing that video game.

     Too much uncontrolled screen time may lead to a certain loss of innocence (天真), but mostly this child

will lose the sense of unity and satisfaction that comes from being in a family.

     A neighborhood should also provide you with a sense of unity and satisfaction, and if it doesn't, you might

decide to move. Don't judge your neighborhood too harshly (严厉地), though. There are some things that are

right with almost any neighborhood and some things that are wrong with the best of them-like those super-big

houses. The wealth of their owners-and the way they throw money around-may make your son feel sorry for

himself, unless you help him understand that you and his dad save some of the money, give some to people

who don't have enough and use the rest to pay for whatever the family needs.

     Children want-should be provided with-explanations when their parents don't give them what they want.

1. What is the problem with the worried parent in the text?

A. Her house isn't as big as her rich neighbors'.

B. Her son is left alone without anyone in charge.

C. She cannot provide her son with a special playroom.

D. She worried about the effect of her neighbors on her son.

2. In paragraphs 2 and 3, the author seems to agree that parents should _____.

A. spend more time with their children

B. give their children more freedom

C. work hard to lead a richer life

D. set an example for their children to follow

3. By saying "throw money around" (paragraph5), the author means that rich people ______.

A. spend money carelessly

B. save money for their children

C. help the poor people willingly

D. leave money all round the house

4. What is the main idea the author aims to express in the text?

A. Children are unfortunate to have poor parents.

B. Children should enjoy their comfortable life.

C. Children need proper guidance from their parents.

D. Children feel ashamed of themselves in a rich neighborhood.