问题 论述题

( 26 分)阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 注:1978 年党的十一届三中全会,作出了实行改革开放的战略决策。1992年党的十四大提出“我国经济体制改革的目标是建立社会主义市场经济体制”。2003 年党的十六届三中全会审议通过了《中 * * 关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若千问题的决定》。2013年党的十八届三中全会做出了《中 * * 关于全面深化改革若千重大问题的决定》。

材料二 改革开放30多年,我国平均GDP 一直保持在9. 8%的增长,为增强国力、改善民生提供了丰硕的改革红利。但是我国实施的主要是粗放型经济,缺乏可持续发展战略,在发展过程中,同时也积聚了大量的社会性、结构性问题,这些深层次矛盾的解决也需要一定发展速度的支撑。要看到,目前我国经济已进入新的发展阶段,维持高速增长已经不现实。因此,李克强 * * 指出,要在必要和可能之间、在转型升级与保持合理增长速度之间,找到一个“黄金平衡点”,使增长保持在合理区间,保证较为充分的就业,同时要加快结构调整,着力提质增效,使中国经济行稳致远。

(1)分析上图反映了什么经济规律? (4分)结合材料一,从经济生活角度说明十八届三中全会深化经济体制改革方面的举措为什么能够再一次释放出“改革红利”? (10 分)

(2)结合材料,从政治生活角度分析说明党和政府怎样才能找到和实现“黄金平衡点” ? ( 12分)

答案

(1)生产关系一定要适应生产力发展的经济规律。(4分)

① 改革是社会主义制度的自我完善和发展。必须坚持推进改革开放,调整生产关系与生产力发展不相适应的环节和方面,以促进生产力发展。(3分)

② 完善社会主义市场经济体制,发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,可以促进社会生产发展,提高人民生活质量,让更多的人共享改革成果。(3分)

③ 加强和完善宏观调控,处理好政府与市场的关系,克服市场缺陷,维护市场秩序,保持经济可持续发展。(2分)

④ 通过完善收入分配制度,处理好效率与公平的关系,缩小收入差距,实现共同富裕。(2 分)

(2)党要坚持以人为本,把握社会主义市场经济建设规律,坚持科学执政,实现政治领导,努力改善民生。(4分)政府要切实履行职能.加强宏观调控;缩小贫富差距,维护社会稳定;提高公共服务能力,保障基本公共服务;(4分)加快行政体制改革,处理好政府和市场的关系,提高依法行政的能力和水平。(2分)科学民主决策,审慎行使权力,调动各方面积极性,确保在经济增长的速度和质量之间找到平衡点。(2分)

题目分析:

(1)第一问,是图表类题目,通过纵向上的变化可以得出相应的结论,改革开放以来不同时期生产力在发展,生产关系在改革,体现生产关系一定要适应生产力发展的经济规律。第二问,知识限定比较模糊,还需要针对设问和材料进行进一步定位,题目类型原因类,十八届三中全会深化经济体制改革方面的举措,首先运用改革的知识,即改革是社会主义制度的自我完善和发展;其次深化经济体制改革,是完善社会主义市场经济体制;再次,体制改革要加强和完善宏观调控,处理好政府与市场的关系;最后,经济体制改革不仅包括所有制度改革,还包括收入分配制度,即完善收入分配制度,处理好效率与公平的关系。

(2)本题知识限定不明确,但政治生活主体已经很明确,即党和政府,题目类型措施类,可针对题目类型对党和政府的知识措施类的题目进行系统梳理整合,党要坚持执政理念、执政方式;政府要履行职能,加快行政体制改革,提高依法行政的能力和水平,科学民主决策,审慎用权,最后还要回扣设问和材料,调动各方面的积极性,确保在经济增长的速度和质量之间找到平衡点。

阅读理解与欣赏
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     I got my first driver's license in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School

in charlotte, North Carolina. Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman

Henry and I were living in Batimore, Maryland Two weeks before my 20th birthday. Henry drove me to the

motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon. When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the

counter my North Catroina driver's license ready to renew, the man told me that I was under age by Maryland

law since I was not yet 21. "Mr Henry Smith your husband to sign for you," he said.

     I argued, pointing to a very large belly of mine, "I am married. I am having a baby. Why shoud I have to

have someone sign for me to drive? He answered coldly, "it's the law, madam?"

     Henry encouraged me to calm down, just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.

     "No" I said. I refused to have him sign for me. So I left without a Maryland license.

     I called the North Carolina Motor Whice Office and renewed my NC license by mail-using my name Susan

Brown And thus it was for the next twelve years. Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home

state licene. By the time Henry left the army we were once again liviing in Maryland and I had to take the

Maryland driver's exam Since then I just go in and renew every four years-sign the name Susan Brown have

my new picture taken, and walk out with a license to drive.

1. Susan got her first driver's license _____.

A. before she got married to Henry

B. when she was twenty years old

C. after she finished high school

D. when she just moved to Maryland

2. Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because _____.

A. she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law

B. she lacked driving experience in Maryland

C. she was to give birth to a baby soon

D. she insisted on signing for herself

3. We can infer from the text that in the U.S. _____.

A. American males should serve in the army

B. different states my have different laws

C. people have to renew their licenses in their home states

D. women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage