问题 阅读理解

Who are you? Sure you know your name, but your name is just a label (标签); it does not describe who you are. In a world with over six billion people, there can be millions of Johns or Jennys, but there is only one YOU. So what makes you special?

There are three things that make you different from any other person on the planet: your looks, your fingerprints (指纹) and your personality. Your looks and fingerprints certainly make you special, but these are just physical characteristics(特征). It is your personality that really describes who you are.

Personality is the form of emotions, thoughts, and behavior that people show throughout their lives, which makes them different from others. It is especially shown in how they behave towards other people.

Each person’s personality is made up of different personality traits (特征) such as kindness or shyness. These traits decide how people behave in different situations. A person’s personality decides everything they say and do. The human’s brain(大脑) has a special part that gives us personality and allows us to think for ourselves. This part of the brain is called the mind. Someone’s personality can change if their brain damaged in an accident. Scientists cannot study the mind by looking inside someone’ brain! To study the mind, scientists have to study human behavior. This includes studying people and having personality tests. Scientists believe that answers to the questions tell us something about a person’s personality traits. After asking thousands of people thousand of questions, they have found that some personality traits seem to go together. For example, shy people are often quiet. They have an introverted (内向的) personality type. The opposite is an extroverted (外向的) personality type —people who are outgoing, friendly and like being around other people. Describing personality types is not easy. In fact, scientists do not all agree on how many personality types there are, or how exactly they are described.

根据短文内容选择正确答案。

小题1:The underlined word “personality” in the passage means “_______” in Chinese.

A. 心理           B. 特征          C. 性格

小题2:From this passage, you know _______ makes you different from any other person.

A. your hair, the color of skin and height

B. your name

C. your looks, fingerprints and personality

小题3:Your personality comes from _______.

A.         B.         C. 

小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. People who are introverted don’t like being around others.

B. To study the personality, scientists have to study human behavior.

C. Everyone’s personality won’t change at any time.

小题5:Which is the best title for the passage?

A. WHO ARE YOU

B. PERSONALITY

C. YOUR SPECIAL LOOK

答案

小题1:C

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:C

小题5:B

题目分析:这篇短文重点介绍了什么是我们的性格,以及决定我们性格的一些因素。

小题1:联系下文第三段Personality is the form of emotions, thoughts, and behavior that people show throughout their lives, which makes them different from others. 描述,可知这个单词指的是性格。故选C。

小题2:根据第二段There are three things that make you different from any other person on the planet: your looks, your fingerprints (指纹) and your personality.描述,可知选C。

小题3:根据第三段The human’s brain(大脑) has a special part that gives us personality and allows us to think for ourselves.描述,可知我们的性格来自我们大脑的一个部分,故选A。

小题4:根据第三段Someone’s personality can change if their brain damaged in an accident.描述,可知选C。

小题5:这篇短文重点介绍了什么是我们的性格,以及决定我们性格的一些因素。故选B,性格。

点评:本文浅显易懂,各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文,注意前后联系,就能顺利完成阅读。文章所设试题主要考察细节查找,做题关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查小题和原文的异同。

多项选择题
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根据下图所示实验装置回答问题:

(1)小明同学选择A装置准备用高锰酸钾为原料制取一瓶纯净的氧气(不考虑水蒸气),他应选择的收集装置是   (填字母),写出该方法制取氧气的化学反应方程式                               

(2)小华同学想用过氧化氢溶液和二氧化锰为原料代替高锰酸钾制取一瓶较干燥氧气,她选择的发生装置是   (填字母),理由是                                   

(3)当过氧化氢接触到二氧化锰后,反应便立即开始,不能人为控制其速度和生成氧气的量.如果你稍改变所选择装置,便可控制其反应速度,请从右上图的仪器中选择一种仪器更换小华同学选择的装置中一种仪器,以达到控制反应速度的目的,你选择的仪器是   (填序号),它更换原装置中的     (填名称).你认为以上小明和小华制取氧气的方法中哪一种更好,   ,理由是                                           .改装后的装置可以制取乙炔(C2H2)气体;乙炔是用CaC2和水反应制取.请完成制取乙炔的化学方程式             

(4)若实验室对你开放,选用B和E装置还可制取    气体,你还需向实验老师领取的药品有            (写名称),其反应的化学方程式                                 .F装置可用来测量生成的这种气体的体积,其中在水面上放一层植物油的目的是                     ;植物油上方原有的空气对实验的结果     (填“有”或“没有”)明显影响.