问题 阅读理解

Who are you? Sure you know your name, but your name is just a label (标签); it does not describe who you are. In a world with over six billion people, there can be millions of Johns or Jennys, but there is only one YOU. So what makes you special?

There are three things that make you different from any other person on the planet: your looks, your fingerprints (指纹) and your personality. Your looks and fingerprints certainly make you special, but these are just physical characteristics(特征). It is your personality that really describes who you are.

Personality is the form of emotions, thoughts, and behavior that people show throughout their lives, which makes them different from others. It is especially shown in how they behave towards other people.

Each person’s personality is made up of different personality traits (特征) such as kindness or shyness. These traits decide how people behave in different situations. A person’s personality decides everything they say and do. The human’s brain(大脑) has a special part that gives us personality and allows us to think for ourselves. This part of the brain is called the mind. Someone’s personality can change if their brain damaged in an accident. Scientists cannot study the mind by looking inside someone’ brain! To study the mind, scientists have to study human behavior. This includes studying people and having personality tests. Scientists believe that answers to the questions tell us something about a person’s personality traits. After asking thousands of people thousand of questions, they have found that some personality traits seem to go together. For example, shy people are often quiet. They have an introverted (内向的) personality type. The opposite is an extroverted (外向的) personality type —people who are outgoing, friendly and like being around other people. Describing personality types is not easy. In fact, scientists do not all agree on how many personality types there are, or how exactly they are described.

根据短文内容选择正确答案。

小题1:The underlined word “personality” in the passage means “_______” in Chinese.

A. 心理           B. 特征          C. 性格

小题2:From this passage, you know _______ makes you different from any other person.

A. your hair, the color of skin and height

B. your name

C. your looks, fingerprints and personality

小题3:Your personality comes from _______.

A.         B.         C. 

小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. People who are introverted don’t like being around others.

B. To study the personality, scientists have to study human behavior.

C. Everyone’s personality won’t change at any time.

小题5:Which is the best title for the passage?

A. WHO ARE YOU

B. PERSONALITY

C. YOUR SPECIAL LOOK

答案

小题1:C

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:C

小题5:B

题目分析:这篇短文重点介绍了什么是我们的性格,以及决定我们性格的一些因素。

小题1:联系下文第三段Personality is the form of emotions, thoughts, and behavior that people show throughout their lives, which makes them different from others. 描述,可知这个单词指的是性格。故选C。

小题2:根据第二段There are three things that make you different from any other person on the planet: your looks, your fingerprints (指纹) and your personality.描述,可知选C。

小题3:根据第三段The human’s brain(大脑) has a special part that gives us personality and allows us to think for ourselves.描述,可知我们的性格来自我们大脑的一个部分,故选A。

小题4:根据第三段Someone’s personality can change if their brain damaged in an accident.描述,可知选C。

小题5:这篇短文重点介绍了什么是我们的性格,以及决定我们性格的一些因素。故选B,性格。

点评:本文浅显易懂,各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文,注意前后联系,就能顺利完成阅读。文章所设试题主要考察细节查找,做题关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查小题和原文的异同。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《敬业与乐业》中的一段文字,回答1—3题(6分,每空2分)

第一要敬业。敬字为古圣贤教人做人最简易、直捷的法门,可惜被后来有些人说得太精微,倒变得不适实用了。惟有朱子解得最好,他说:“主一无适便是敬。”用现在的话讲,凡做一件事,便忠于一件事,将全副精力集中到这事上头,一点不旁骛,便是敬。业有什么可敬呢?为什么该敬呢?人类一面为生活而劳动,一面也是为劳动而生活。人类既不是上帝特地制来充当消化面包的机器,自然该各人因自己的地位和才力,认定一件事去做。凡可以名为一件事的,其性质都是可敬。【甲】当大总统是一件事,拉黄包车也是一件事。事的名称,从俗人眼里看来,有高下;事的性质,从学理上解剖起来,并没有高下。只要当大总统的人,信得过我可以当大总统才去当,实实在在把总统当作一件正经事来做;拉黄包车的人,信得过我可以拉黄包车才去拉,实实在在把拉车当作一件正经事来做,便是人生合理的生活。这叫做职业的神圣。凡职业没有不是神圣的,所以凡职业没有不是可敬的。惟其如此,所以我们对于各种职业,没有什么分别拣择。总之,人生在世,是要天天劳作的。劳作便是功德,不劳作便是罪恶。至于我该做哪一种劳作呢?全看我的才能何如,境地何如。因自己的才能、境地,做一种劳作做到圆满,便是天地间第一等人。

小题1:引用朱子的话,从论证方法的角度说,应该是( )

A.比喻论证

B.道理论证

C.对比论证

D.举例论证小题2:对“甲”句的理解,正确的是( )

A.在俗人眼里,当大总统和拉黄包车有高低贵贱之分,从学理上讲,却没有高低贵贱之分。

B.在俗人眼里,当大总统和拉黄包车没有高低贵贱之分,从学理上讲,却有高低贵贱之分。

C.无论在俗人眼里还是从学理上讲,当大总统和拉黄包车都没有高低贵贱之分。

D.无论在俗人眼里还是从学理上讲,当大总统和拉黄包车都有高低贵贱之分。小题3:体现本段文字论点的一句是( )

A.人生在世,是要天天劳作的。

B.因自己的才能、境地,做一种劳作做到圆满,便是天地间第一等人。

C.第一要敬业。

D.凡可以名为一件事的,其性质都是可敬。

多项选择题