问题 实验题

某班同学对某社区人员的双眼皮和单眼皮遗传情况进行抽样调查,得到如下数据:

组别婚配方式被调查家庭数子女单眼皮子女双眼皮
1单眼皮×单眼皮50570
2双眼皮×双眼皮902473
3双眼皮×单眼皮16550128
 

请回答下列问题:

(1)你可以根据第_______组的数据,判断眼皮的显性性状是_______。

(2)在第2组中,父母性状相同,但子女出现了与双亲不同的性状,这种现象叫做_______。

(3)如果第1组中有的父母都去做双眼皮整容手术,如果他们再生育一个小孩,其小孩的眼皮性状是_______。双眼皮的可能性是_______。

(4)如果用A表示显性基因,用a表示隐性基因,那么亲代中双眼皮性状的基因组成是_______。

答案

(1)2      双眼皮 (2)变异 (3)单眼皮       0  (4)AA或Aa

题目分析:(1)若亲代性状相同,在子代中没有出现新性状,则不能判断亲代的性状是显性还是隐性的;如果在子代中出现了新的性状,则新出现的性状是隐性性状,亲代表现的性状就是显性性状.因此可以根据第2组数据判定双眼皮为显性性状.

(2)生物体的形态特征、生理特征和行为方式叫做性状,生物的性状传给后代的现象叫遗传;生物的亲代与子代之间以及子代的个体之间在性状上的差异叫变异.父母性状相同,但子女出现了与双亲不同的性状,体现了亲子代的之间在性状上的差异,因此这种现象叫变异.

(3)如果第1组中有的父母都去做双眼皮整容手术,而体内控制眼睑性状的基因没有改变还是aa,因此如果他们再生育一个小孩,其小孩的眼皮性状是单眼皮,再生一个孩子是双眼皮的可能性是0.控制双眼皮与单眼皮的基因在亲子代间的传递如图:

(4)如果用A表示显性基因,用a表示隐性基因,那么亲代中双眼皮性状的基因组成是Aa.如果双眼皮性状的基因组成是AA,子女一定是双眼皮,没有单眼皮.

故答案为:

(1)2;双眼皮

(2)变异;

(3)单眼皮;0;

(4)AA或Aa

阅读理解

Here's one very simple but lifechanging advice that I first heard from Brian Tracy. Cut down on the TV at night by just one hour. Instead, use that hour to read books that could improve your life.

If you're a salesman, google for the best and most useful books on improving your sales.

This applies(适用) to all fields, not just the work-related(与工作相关的) ones. Maybe you want to improve your health, become a more energetic person. Or maybe you want to improve your study, your relations or perhaps do some personal development.

One hour a day is not much. But if you read for one hour a day on weekdays, that's about 260 hours a year. That's a large number of books and a lot of useful advice.

If you follow the ideas, who knows what great things and feelings could come into your life. Also, all that information and advice will start to open up your mind. You will start to see more chances in your life.

Now, you might think something like this:

1. I really don't have the money...

Answer: Visit your public library or search the database(数据库). Or look for books that are used in places like amazon.com.

2. I really don't have the time...

Answer: Buy audiobooks and listen to them in the car while driving to and from work. Or copy them to your MP3-player and listen while riding your bike /bus to work or school. Recently selling audiobooks through MP3-downloads has become popular...

Shut off the TV a little earlier and start reading.

小题1:What is Brian Tracy’s lifechanging advice about?

A.Watching TV.

B.Listening to MP3.

C.Surfing the internet.

D.Reading helpful books.小题2:If you’d like to improve your work, you should_______ according to the writer.

A.read work-related books

B.become more energetic

C.improve your study

D.improve your relations小题3:Which is NOT true about reading an hour a day?

A.It will open up your mind.

B.You will have about 260 hours a year to read.

C.You will read lots of books and get much useful advice.

D.It will probably bring great things and feelings into your life.小题4:What should you do if you really don't have the money to read?

A.To buy some books from amazon.com.

B.To download MP3 free.

C.To visit the public library.

D.To borrow audiobooks and listen to them.小题5:What is the writer’s idea about audiobooks?

A.They are more useful.

B.Listening to audiobooks is easier than reading books.

C.It’s dangerous to listen to audiobooks while driving or riding.

D.Audiobooks are a good solution to the problem of having no time to read.

选择题