问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这首唐诗,回答下面的问题。

寄全椒山中道士

韦应物

今朝郡斋冷①,忽念山中客。 涧底束荆薪,归来煮白石②。

欲持一瓢酒,远慰风雨夕。 落叶满空山,何处寻行迹。

【注】①郡斋:滁州刺史衙署的斋舍。 ②道家有“煮五石英法”,在斋戒后的农历九月九日,将薤白、黑芝麻、白蜜、山泉水和白石英放进锅里煮。

(1)请说明诗人的朋友山中道士过着怎样的生活,并简要分析。(4分)

答:                                                                  

(2)这首诗歌的“诗眼”是哪一个字?为什么? ((4分)

答:                                                                  

答案

【诗歌鉴赏】

这首诗乍看没什么惊人之句,好像一潭秋水,冷然而清,颇有陶渊明的风格,向来被称为韦诗中的名篇。有人说它“一片神行”,有人说是“化工笔”(见高步瀛《唐宋诗举要》),评价很高。

题目叫《寄全椒山中道士》。既然是“寄”,自然会吐露对山中道士的忆念之情。但忆念只是一层,还有更深的一层,需要读者细心领略。

诗的关键在于那个“冷”字。全诗所透露的也正是在这个“冷”字上。首句既是写出郡斋气候的冷,更是写出诗人心头的冷。然后,诗人由于这两种冷而忽然想起山中的道士。山中的道士在这寒冷气候中到涧底去打柴,打柴回来却是“煮白石”。葛洪《神仙传》说有个白石先生,“尝煮白石为粮,因就白石山居。”还有道家修炼,要服食“石英”。那么“山中客”是谁就很清楚了。

道士在山中艰苦修炼,诗人怀念老友,想送一瓢酒去,好让他在这秋风冷雨之夜,得到一点友情的安慰。然而诗人进一层想,他们都是逢山住山、见水止水的人,今天也许在这块石岩边安顿,明天恐怕又迁到别一处什么洞穴安身了。何况秋天来了,满山落叶,连路也不容易找,走过的脚迹自然也给落叶掩没了,因而也不知去何处找对方。

单项选择题
单项选择题

The International Whaling Commission’s (IWC) decision to retain its ban on whaling does not mean that the killings will stop. Quite the (1) .

Save the Whale. It’s a phrase which became annoying with (2) , an unfavorable shorthand for liberal consciences. How appalling, then, that in the year 2010, it should be pressed (3) service again, to fight the whaling nations: Norway and Iceland, who exempted themselves from the 1986 prohibition (4) by the IWC, and Japan, which hunts whales under cover of " (5) research".

I am completely (6) by this week’s events in Morocco, where talks broke down. In my heart, I agree with those who have (7) the news that this year’s negotiations of the IWC have broken up, and (8) the prohibition would not be lifted (as the US proposed in a desperate (9) to break the deadlock). Yet reason (10) something else. If we do not (11) some kind of new control, the (12) will be able to go on with their slaughter (13) . Membership of the IWC is (14) , and the ban was only ever intended to be (15) . Japan, which has been buying the votes of nations with no interest in whaling (only in the 16 Japan offers in turn), will continue to press its case, having invested millions of dollars in its (17) . Geoffrey Palmer, New Zealand’s Commissioner at the IWC, has proposed a year-long (18) period. In the meantime, more whales will die.

We stand at a crossroad for whales. We see the (19) existence of these animals as an indicator of ecological threat. As symbols of an endangered world, they evoke, and provoke, a feeling that they have the same qualities as human on a scale equal to their size and supposed (20) . To some this is so much sentimental words in the New Age.

4()

A.supported

B.instituted

C.limited

D.abandoned