问题 实验题

(7分)实验室有一瓶标签受损的无色溶液,如下图所示。老师要求同学们进行探究:这瓶溶液到底是什么溶液?

【提出猜想】 提示:这瓶无色溶液只能是下列四种溶液中的一种:

①硫酸镁溶液、②硫酸钠溶液、③硫酸铵溶液、④硫酸溶液

【查阅资料】 A:常温下,相关物质的溶解度如下:

物质MgSO4Na2SO4(NH4)2SO4H2SO4
溶解度35.1g19.5g75.4g与水任意比互溶
    B: (NH4)2SO4的水溶液显酸性

请回答:(1)该无色溶液一定含有的离子是         

【实验探究】(药品可自选)

(2)通过查阅资料(相关物质的溶解度表),小明同学认为猜想    (填序号)不成立,原因是                                               ;

(3)为确定其它几种猜想是否正确,小明同学设计实验继续进行探究:

实验操作实验现象实验结论
① 取该溶液少许于试管中,向其中滴加几滴                 溶液溶液中有白色沉淀生成猜想①成立
② 用玻璃棒蘸取少许原溶液滴在pH试纸上,并跟比色卡对照溶液pH小于7猜想④成立
小雅同学认为小明实验操作②的结论不正确,她的理由是                       

请你写出实验操作①反应的化学方程式                               

(答对下面(4)将奖励4分,但全卷总分不超过60分)

(4)请你设计实验方案,确认该溶液是硫酸铵溶液并完成实验报告:

实 验 操 作实 验 现 象实 验 结 论
取该溶液少许于试管中,

                     

 

               

猜想③成立,该反应的化学方程式为

                               

答案

.(1) SO42-   (2) ②,常温下,Na2SO4饱和溶液的质量分数小于20%

(3)①NaOH,理由:(NH42SO4的水溶液显酸性,

MgSO4 + 2 NaOH = Na2SO4+ Mg(OH)2

(4)向试管中加入少量NaOH溶液并加热,将湿润的红色石蕊试纸放在试管口有刺激性气味的气体产生,红色石蕊试纸变蓝   

(NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2NH3↑ + 2H2O

根据氢氧化镁是沉淀,溶液的酸碱性,(NH4)2SO4和碱会生成氨气进行解答

选择题
单项选择题

There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically full-time work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary service (1) (VSO) for young people before they take up full-time employment, (2) there are opportunities for overseas service for (3) technicians in developing countries. Some people, (4) those who retire early, (5) their technical and business skills in countries (6) there is a special need.

So in considering voluntary or (7) community service, there are more opportunities than there (8) were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small full-time

(9) and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different. (10) some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not (11) them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different (12) , both personal and (13) . One should not join them (14) to arm them with professional experience; they must be joined with commitment to the (15) , not business efficiency. Because salaries are (16) or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expense. But many retired people take part in community service for (17) , simply because they enjoy the work.

Many community activities possible (18) retirement were also possible during one’s working life but they are to be undertaken (19) seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider (20) community service.

9()

A.team

B.number

C.staff

D.crowd