问题 填空题

(1)化学是一门以实验为基础的学科,化学实验是化学学习的重要内容。根据你掌握的知识判断,下列实验操作的描述中正确的是_________。(填写下列各项序号)

A.任何从试剂瓶中取出的药品,若有剩余均不能再放回原试剂瓶  

B.用稀盐酸洗涤盛放过石灰水的试剂瓶  

C.配制H2SO4溶液时,可先在量筒中加入一定体积的水,再在搅拌下慢慢加入浓硫酸  

D.各放一张质量相同的滤纸于天平的两托盘上,将NaOH固体放在左盘纸上称量  

E.Na2CO3溶液不能保存在带有磨口玻璃塞的试剂瓶中  

F.将用水润湿的PH试纸浸入稀盐酸中,测定溶液的PH

(2)据报道,目前一些地区酸雨、灰霾和光化学烟雾等区域性大气污染突出,严重威胁群众健康,影响环境安全。二氧化硫和氮的氧化物是大气的主要污染物,关注臭氧层、防止和治理环境污染是当前环保工作的重要研究内容之一。

①汽车尾气主要含有CO2、CO、SO2、NO及汽油、柴油等到物质,这种尾气越来越成为城市空气污染的主要来源,汽车尾气中的CO来自____________, NO来自(用方程式表示)____________________。

②空气中微量的臭氧对人有益,浓度过大则是一种污染气体,臭氧作为强氧化剂,几乎能与任何生物组织反应。下列有关说法正确的是____________ 。

A.停止使用氟里昂是为了保护臭氧层

B.光化学烟雾与大气臭氧的生成有关

C.家用电器消毒柜中产生的臭氧能够高效杀菌消毒

D.臭氧能使湿润的碘化钾一淀粉试纸变蓝

(3)在一定条件下用氨可将氮氧化物转化为无毒气体。同温同压下,7LNH3恰好将6LNO 和NO2的混合气体完全转化为N2, 则原混合气体中NO和NO2的体积比是_____________。

答案

(1)B、E

(2)①汽油的不完全燃烧;N2+O22NO;②ABCD

(3)1:3

阅读理解

At one time or another we have all stopped to think about the weather. Some days the weather is good. Some days the weather is bad. Sometimes a day that seems bad turns out better than you thought it would. There are ways of understanding the weather. One way is to study the clouds. No two clouds are ever alike. We can see the different kinds of clouds and watch them for signs of changing weather. To forecast the weather, there are three things about clouds. you should look for: movement, colour, and change. As a rule, the higher the clouds, the better the weather. And the lower the clouds, the worse the weather is likely to be. Fair-weather cumulus clouds* are another sign of good weather. These are clouds we often see on warm summer days. Clouds can tell you if a storm is on the way. If the thick, fluffy cumulus clouds get bigger early in the day, then you know it will rain. If there is a sudden, cool and dark thunder* cloud appears, then a storm is about to break out. Colours in the sky tell us about the weather, too. A golden ring around the moon warns us that a storm is on the way. A watery yellow sunset is a sign that rain may be near. The rainbow* has a message, too. The colours of the rainbow come from the sun rays shining through falling rain. If you see the sun in the east and a rainbow in the west, the rain may be coming your way. If the sun is in the west and the rainbow is in the east, the rain will be moving away from you.

小题1: According to this article, one way to understand the weather is to    .

A.study the clouds

B.monitor the temperature every hour

C.watch the signs of the wind

D.note the changes in wet小题2: High clouds usually suggest     .

A.bad weather

B.fine weather

C.rainy weather

D.windy weather小题3: The colours of the rainbow come from    .

A.sun rays shining through falling rain

B.dark thunder clouds in the sky

C.a golden ring around the moon

D.fair-weather cumulus clouds小题4: Which of the following would be a good title for this article?

A.The Story of Weather Forecast

B.Fine Weather and Bad Weather

C.Weather Changes

D.Different Kinds of Clouds小题5:We may say, take the article as a whole knowledge,      .

A.none of the clouds is the same

B.a storm is to come on soon after a sudden, cool and dark thunder cloud

C.the higher and cumulus clouds may be signs of warm weather

D.all of the above

多项选择题