问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面两首诗歌,回答后面的问题。(7分)

华清宫 吴融

四郊飞雪暗云端,惟此宫中落便干。绿树碧帘相掩映,无人知道外边寒。

过华清宫 李约

君王游乐万机轻,一曲霓裳四海兵。玉辇升天人已尽,故宫惟有树长生。

小题1:两首诗的体裁属于什么?两首诗描写了不同时期的华清宫,请指出二者主要运用了哪种相同的表现手法,并作简要说明。(4分)

小题2:两首诗各表达了作者什么样的思想感情?(3分)

答案

小题1:七言绝句。(1分)两首诗都运用了对比(或对照、映衬)手法。(1分)第一首诗宫内宫外(或空间)对比:宫外飞雪阴云,分外寒冷;宫内绿树掩映,温暖如春。(1分)第二首今昔(或时间)对比:昔日霓裳羽衣,歌舞升平;今朝杂树丛生,宫殿荒凉。(1分)

小题1:第一首诗通过写景状物,鞭挞无视人民疾苦、沉湎于享乐的统治者。

第二首诗通过咏史抒怀,讽刺统治者荒淫误国,感叹王朝兴衰。(3分)

小题1:本题考查“鉴赏文学作品的表达技巧”考点,能力层次为D,侧重“鉴赏评价”能力的考查。“表达技巧”分为四个理解层面由低到高(字词一句子—段落一篇章),分别是修辞手法(比喻、比拟、夸张、借代等)、表达方式(记叙、说明、描写、抒情、议论,诗歌中主要是描写和抒情)、表现手法(对比、衬托、象征、比兴等)、谋篇布局手法(开头、结尾、过渡、照应等)。

小题1:本题考查“评价思想内容和观点态度”考点,能力层次为C,侧重“分析综合”能力的考查。

名词解释
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     I was wondering when it would happen. As everyone who lives in London and other cities

around Britain will know, urban foxes are now commonplace. I recently saw one in the middle

of the day, wandering along a street in Pimlico. Twenty years ago, that sight would have stopped

the traffic. Now, it is barely worth a remark. Foxes are large animals, as big as many dogs. Of

course, as in the terrifying incident at Homerton, one would attack a baby sooner or later.

    Actually, this has already happened. In 2002, at Dartford in Kent, a fox bit a 14-week-old boy

in the living room of the family home while his mother was sleeping. The last government preferred

to ignore the incident; it was, after all trying to ban foxhunting at the time. It could see that some folk

love urban foxes, perhaps having the same affection for wildlife as the people I have seen in London

parks feeding rats along with squirrels and ducks.

    The foxites even include animal scientists, who would seem to have persuaded Bristol City

Council (whose advisory Living with Urban Foxes has been adopted by the Chartered Institute

of Environmental Health) that foxes never attack humans. But then they also deny that country foxes

target lambs, when every hill farmer I know would tell them differently. A lamb is much the same

size as a baby. It is no more difficult to get into a house than into a hen cage.

    According to Living with Urban Foxes, “the fox population is stable”, and has not significantly

increased. Is this true? When I first lived in London in the late 1970s, urban foxes had an almost

mythical status. They were like yetis. You never saw one; you weren’t sure they really existed.

Now, they are part of the scene. I wouldn’t be surprised to find one. Friends in the suburbs are

plagued(困扰)with them. A study in Bristol showed that an astonishing 8 percent of pets caged

in gardens are killed by foxes each year.

    Surely, if foxes are now harming babies, it is time for something to be done about them, yet this is

not as straightforward as it might seem. While country residents refer to foxes as harmful animals,

that is not how they are officially classified; this means that local authorities do not have a statutory

obligation(法定的义务)to control them. It would be an easy thing for this government to change

the legislation.

1.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A. To urge the government to control urban foxes.

B. To show how to provide food for urban foxes.

C. To protect urban foxes from traffic accidents.

D. To prove urban foxes are not dangerous as expected.

2.The underlined word “foxites” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to those who ______.

A. hate urban foxes

B. love urban foxes

C. support foxhunting

D. oppose foxhunting

3.What is the author’s attitude toward Living with Urban Foxes?

A. Support.

B. Praise.

C. Disbelief.

D. Tolerance.

4.What kind of people is the author worried about most?

A. Farmers.

B. Students.

C. Drivers.

D. Babies.