问题 选择题

蝉的生命史为:蝶卵出生 10 天左右发育成虫,虫 45 天后变蛹,而蛹要经过地下几个月的漫漫长眠后才能化蛹成蝶,开始它最灿烂的历程。从哲学上看,化蛹成蝶的过程是

A.事物自身辩证否定的过程

B.事物由质变到量变的曲折过程

C.先肯定后否定,先保留后克服的过程

D.新事物彻底否定旧事物的过程

答案

答案:A

题目分析:化蛹成蝶,是蝶卵自己否定自己的过程,是联系和发展的过程,体现了事物自身辩证的否定过程,A正确;事物的发展是由量变到质变的过程,B错误;辩证的否定是既肯定又否定,既保留又克服的过程,不是先后关系,C错误;新事物是在吸取旧事物积极合理因素的基础上的否定,D“彻底”否定错误。

点评:该题以化蛹成蝶为材料,考查学生对辩证的否定的理解和运用,只要熟练掌握课本原理对选项逐一分析即可,难度适中。

填空题
阅读理解

After moving to the United States , immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American , a new study finds . That’s one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America.

The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents’ food choices . After being questioned about their ability to speak English , 75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite. Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.

When their American identiy was called into question during a follow-up study, Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes , such as hamburgers and cheese sand wiches In that experiment , 55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant . Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study. Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories , including 12grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat(饱和脂肪).

“People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in , ”said Sauna Cheryan ,an anthor of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington.” If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives , this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health .Cheryan added.

Social pressures , the study concluded , are at the heart of the problem. “In American society today , being American is associated with being white . Americans , who don’t fit this image even if they were born here and speak English , feel that pressure to prove that they’re American,” said Cheryan.

小题1:The author wants to show that      .

A.more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks

B.immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in

C.most Americans are at the risk of heart disease

D.all the American people have a bad eating habit小题2:According to the survey,      .

A.Asian-Americans care less about their health

B.25 percent of Americans like junk food

C.choosing food is related to Asian-American’s situation

D.immigrants are forced to eat junk food小题3:The underlined word “fare” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “      ”.

A.food offered as a meal

B.a person taking a taxi

C.money spent on food

D.an arranged thing to do小题4:According to Sauna Cheryan,       .

A.what immigrants have done is ridiculous

B.American traditional foods are healthier

C.immigrants risk their health in order to fit in

D.American culture affects immigrants deeply小题5:Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?

A.The situation of employment.

B.The traditional culture.

C.The American government.

D.The pressures from society.