问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读白朴的《天净沙》,完成小题。(7分)

天净沙  春

白 朴

春山暖日和风,阑干楼阁帘栊,杨柳秋千院中。啼莺舞燕,小桥流水飞红。

天净沙  秋

白 朴

孤村落日残霞,轻烟老树寒鸦,一点飞鸿影下。青山绿水,白草红叶黄花。

小题1:对这两支曲子的理解赏析,不恰当的一项是 (3分)(   )

A.“飞红”指飞花,与词人秦观“飞红万点愁如海”中的飞红“飞红”意思相同。

B.《春》曲中啼莺舞燕、流水飞红具有动态美,和风、杨柳、帘栊、秋千能引起读者产生美妙丰富的联想。

C.《秋》曲完全突破传统诗词悲秋的格局,撷取最富北国秋野特征的景物,展现了秋日璀璨斑斓的色调。

D.《秋曲》善于搭配色调,艳丽的色彩与清淡的色彩相互映衬,融为一体,构成了一幅和谐的秋日图景。小题2:马致远在《天净沙·秋思》中描绘了“枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马”的意象,而马致远之前的白朴的这首《天净沙·秋》就有类似意象了。说得更远一点,宋代秦观《满庭芳·山抹微云》已有“斜阳下,寒鸦万点,流水绕孤村”句子,这似乎已开此类意象之先河。请结合上面词曲,从意象内容和表现手法两方面评析三者之高下。

答案

小题1:C

小题2:意象:(1)马曲继承了白、秦二曲的意象,但又有创新,如”枯藤”与“老树昏鸦“并写,比白曲“轻烟”与“老树寒鸦”并写,意境更鲜明,氛围更凄凉。(2)马曲“小桥流水人家”的意象与“枯藤老树昏鸦”的意象成对比,更增添了旅人的思乡之情,而秦词“流水绕孤村”与白曲“孤村落日残霞”只写了“孤村”的凄凉。(3)马曲中“昏鸦”有巢可觅,“人家”有地可居,正反衬出“断肠人在天涯”,无家可归的凄凉,前后浑然一体,而白曲仅以“白草红叶黄花”作结,意境远不如马曲。

手法:(1)秦词是完整的句子,而白曲和马曲则用了意象组合的手法。(2)马曲前三句,每句三个并列词组中,前两个为后一个活动的背景、居住的环境、行动的场所,有主宾之分;而白曲前三句,每句三个并列词组的排列是不规则的。马曲把这种写法推向了极致。

小题1:“完全”不确切;“璀璨”应为“苍凉”或“萧瑟”

小题2:注意答题的角度:从意象内容和表现手法两方面进行评析,此题要求结合具体的句子回答,言之成理即可

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On

Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin (顽童) was walking around a shining car.

"Is this your car, sir?" he asked. Paul answered, "Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas. "The boy

was surprised. "You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn't cost you anything. Oh, my God! I wish..."

He hesitated (犹豫). Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a

brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly. "I wish," the boy went on, "that I could be a

brother like that." Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again,"Would you like to take a ride in my

car?" "Oh, yes, I'd love that."

     After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said: "Would you mind driving in front of my

house, sir?" Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors

that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again, "Will you stop where those two steps are?"

the boy asked.

     He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast.

He was carrying his little crippled (残疾) brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.

     "There she is. Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn't

cost him a cent. And some day I'm going to give you one just like it...then you can see for yourself all nice

things in the Christmas window that I've been trying to tell you about."

     Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in

beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.

1. The street urchin was very surprised when ________.

A. Paul received an expensive car

B. Paul told him about the car

C. he saw the shining car

D. he was walking around the car

2. From the story we can see the urchin ________.

A. wished to give his brother a car

B. wanted Paul's brother to give him a car

C. wished he could have a brother like Paul's

D. wished Paul could be a brother like that

3. The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ________.

A. to show his neighbors the big car

B. to show he had a rich friend

C. to tell his brother about his wish

D. to let Paul give them a ride

4. We can infer from the story that ________.

A. Paul couldn't understand the urchin

B. the urchin had a deep love for his brother

C. the urchin wished to have a rich brother

D. the urchin's wish came true in the end

5. We can infer from the story that ________.

A. There is something wrong with Paul's brother's eyes.

B. There is something wrong with Paul's brother's legs.

C. There is something wrong with the urchin's brother's eyes.

D. There is something wrong with the urchin's brother's legs.

单项选择题