问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面一首诗,回答小题。

秋发庾岭

汤显祖

枫叶沾秋影,凉蝉隐夕晖。梧云初暗霭,花露欲霏微。

岭色随行棹,江光满客衣。徘徊今夜月,孤鹊正南飞。

注:作者上书抨击朝政,触怒权贵,被贬为徐闻典史,此诗写于赴任途中。

小题1:请简要分析诗歌前两联的写景角度和意境特点?(6分)

小题2:结合全诗,简析诗中“孤鹊”这一意象。(5分)

答案

小题1:首联以枫叶转秋、蝉声渐隐从视听角度点明了节令时间,烘托出萧瑟凄清的氛围;颔联远眺树影如云,暮霭徐徐升起,近看江花带露,在夕阳中渐趋迷蒙。从远近角度进一步渲染出暗淡苍凉的江南秋景(写景角度和意境特点各3分)。(大意对即可)

小题1:“孤鹊”既是实写(1分),也是作者自喻(1分),寄托了诗人内心的孤寂与伤感(3分)。(言之成理即可酌情给分)

小题1:本题包含两问,一问是写景角度,包括远看、近看等,一问是意境特点,因其为秋天,又有凉蝉等意象,所以关键词应为凄清。找准意境特点的前提是找准意象。

小题1:孤鹊这一意象,给孤独、凄清的感觉,而这也正是作者的内心的写照。所以这一意象也是作者的借物抒怀。关键词是自喻。

枫叶沾秋影,凉蝉夕晖。”起句点出时令。南方农历九月枫叶已略带秋色;时值黄昏,蝉声也归于沉默。枫叶入秋,如火如荼,本来应该是极美丽的景致,作者却由此感受到了萧瑟的秋意。蝉饮风餐露,在古人的心目中是君子请贫自守的象征,如今,它也被阵阵寒意包围了,再也唱不出轻快的歌声。物犹如此,人何以堪?起首这两句便为全诗奠定下了悲怆的基调。不过,夕阳虽暮,犹有余光,这里一个“晖”字用得巧妙,给苍凉的画面抹上一层淡淡的暖色。全诗就在这一寒一暖两种色彩的交织下逐步展开。

第二联“梧云初暗霭,花露欲霏微”两句写两岸景色。远眺树影如云,暮霭徐徐升起;近看江花带露,在夕阳中渐渐趋于迷蒙。像《题大庾岭北驿》一样,依旧是写秋色,写黄昏,但苍茫之中别有一番情趣。尽管此时的梧桐和江花多少还沾染着几分观赏者暗淡的愁绪,而色彩却显得柔和多了,明快多了。毕竟大自然是美的,它可以帮助诗人暂时忘掉内心的创伤。

颈联是一个转折:“岭色随行棹,江光满客衣。”整个画面由静而动。诗人伫立船头,观赏沿途景色,两岸山色随小舟的行进而不断地变换着色彩;粼粼的波光,在夕阳的照耀下似乎洒满了游子的衣襟。山光水色,相映成趣。此时似乎有一种宠辱皆忘的情致。

可是,贬谪的痛苦很快又涌入心头:“岭色随行棹,江光满客衣。”冷月徘徊,孤鹊南飞,斑斓的色彩一扫而空,画面复归于沉寂,而且更冷更静。在前三联中隐藏着的悲哀的心绪,此时便如江水一般汹涌澎湃。作者一“孤鹊”自喻,说尽了内心的孤独与不平。读来真另人伤神至深。

宋之问与汤显祖,两者时跨三四个王朝,历时六七百年,一个因委身 * * 佞武三思、张易之等,一个因上书得罪于当朝权贵,结果是双双被贬而过大庾岭,都写下借景抒情、融情于景的优美五言律诗。通过对读,我们可以看出:宋诗格调低沉哀惋,汤诗格调激昂奋发;在景物的抒写与寄托中,汤诗显得更委婉含蓄,宋诗更景中寓情。

阅读理解

The famous movie star Audrey Hepburn has been honored as the most beautiful woman ever.She has natural beauty, character and figure, but there is something about Hepburn’s smile that is specially striking and beautiful.

Audrey Hepburn was born on May 4, 1929 in Brussels, Belgium.After her parents divorced(离婚), Audrey went to London with her mother where she went to a private girl school.After the liberation, Audrey went to a ballet school in London and later began life as a model.She did well as a model until the film producers came calling.Discovered by a producer, she was given a small part in a European film in 1948.Later, she went to America to try her luck there.Audrey became popular in the US with her role in Roman Holiday in 1953.This film turned out to be a success and she won an Oscar for Best Actress.The film was followed by another similarly wonderful performance in the 1957 Funny Face.In 1959, she received yet another nomination(提名) for her role in Nun’s Story.Audrey reached the highest level when she played Holly Golightly in the film Breakfast at Tiffany’s in 1961.For this she received another nomination.One of Audrey’s most wonderful roles was in the fine production of My Fair Lady in 1964.Her co—star Rex Harrison once was asked to name his favorite leading lady.Without hesitation, he replied, “Audrey Hpburn in My Fair Lady”.At the end of the sixties, Audrey decided to stop acting while she was on top.In 1988, Audrey became a special ambassador(大使) of UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会), helping children in Latin America and Africa, a position she kept until 1993.She was named in People magazine as one of the 50 most beautiful people in the world.Her last film was Always in 1989.Audrey Hepburn died on January 20,1993, in Switzerland.

She had made a total of 31 high quality movies.Her style will always be remembered in the film history.

小题1:What does the underlined word “striking” in paragraph 1 mean?

A.打击的

B.显著的

C.罢工的

D.吸引人的小题2:How many film names are mentioned in this passage?

A.four

B.five

C.six

D.seven小题3:Hepburn used to be a _________.

A.nurse

B.model

C.teacher

D.writer小题4:Which is the correct order according to Hepburn’s experiences?

a.decided to stop acting

b.given a small part in a European film

c.her parents divorced

d.named in People magazine as one of the 50 most beautiful people in the world

e.went to a ballet school in London

A.e-c-a-d-b

B.c-e-b-a-d

C.c-b-e-a-d

D.c-e-a-b-d

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