问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这首诗,然后回答下列问题。(7分)

山居秋暝

王维(唐)

空山新雨后,天气晚来秋。明月松间照,清泉石上流。

竹喧归浣女,莲动下渔舟。随意春芳歇,王孙自可留。

小题1:结合全诗,说说首联“空”字的作用和内涵。(3分)

小题2:简要分析颔联和颈联运用的艺术手法及其表达效果。(4分)

答案

小题1:统摄全诗。内涵:①“空”意为山中数木繁茂,掩盖了人们活动的痕迹,似乎无人。②“空”气清新,“空”山实质是远离官场的世外桃源。③万事皆“空”,不为俗世所困扰。

小题1:①托物言志:明月、清泉、竹、莲表现了作者高洁的品质。 ②以动衬静:月光透过松林,洒在琤瑽的清流之上,富有诗情画意;流水之声反衬出幽静的环境,烘托了作者宁静的心境。 ③借事抒情:借对农家朴实生活的描绘——洗衣女晚归,渔夫夜捕鱼,寄寓了作者的生活理想,反衬出他对污浊官场的厌恶。

小题1:此题考查练字,首先回答“空”字的内涵(此处内涵不唯一),再结合诗句分析,最后回答情感。

小题1:本题考查“鉴赏文学作品的表达技巧”考点,能力层次为D,侧重“鉴赏评价”能力的考查。首先答出手法“托物言志”“ 以动衬静”“ 借事抒情”,再结合诗句具体分析,最后得出情感。

单项选择题 共用题干题
阅读理解

TOKYO (Reuters) – “Who played the father in the movie ‘Kramer versus Kramer’?” That’s one of the 50 questions Japanese men could face in a “daddy exam”, meant to raise awareness about fatherhood in a country where men tend to work long hours and leave their wives in charge of childcare and household work.

Even men who remember Dustin Hoffman struggling as a father in the movie may have a hard time answering questions ranging from baby food to politics.

Tetsuya Ando, director of Fathering Japan, a Tokyo non-profit organization that came up with the test and will offer it to eager dads from next March, said the exam was an attracting way to get fathers into parenting. “There just isn't enough information about parenting for fathers. Through the exam, we want men to realize that they don't know anything about bringing up kids,” he said.

For the price of 3,900 yen ($34), fathers can find out whether they qualify as a “Super Dad,” or are in need of more effort as a “Challenge Dad.”

“We have received inquiries(咨询) from fathers, single men, to-be-dads, grandfathers ... even an aunt who was concerned that her nephew is too busy with work to notice the fun of parenting,” Ando said. The image of fathers is gradually changing in Japan as younger men eschew their own dads’ hands-off way in favor of closer involvement, and a wave of new parenting magazines for male readers has been hitting newsstands. But it is still hard for Japanese fathers to cut down on their work hours and spend more time with their families. Only 0.5 percent of employed men in Japan took parental leave in 2011, compared with 14 percent in the United States and 12 percent in Britain in 2000.

小题1:The “daddy exam” is intended to          .

A.test to – be – dads’ fatherhood knowledge

B.test Challenge Dad’s parenting knowledge

C.attract the whole society’s attention to parenting

D.have fathers realize their responsibility for their families小题2:In the exam, the Japanese fathers may find that         .

A.they almost know nothing about the questions

B.the questions only make sense to to – be – dads

C.there is ample information about parenting

D.it’s not a good way to get them into parenting小题3:The underlined word “eschew” in the last paragraph can be replaced by the word “       ”.

A.avoid

B.adopt

C.improve

D.admire小题4:The magazines for male readers are popular most probably because many men        .

A.long to know how to do household chores

B.become more concerned about parenting

C.want to get high scores in the 50 – question test

D.like to know whether they are Challenge Dads小题5:From the whole report, it can be inferred that        .

A.Japanese fathers show no interest in parenting

B.young Japanese men tend to set about parenting

C.young fathers value parenting less than their fathers

D.Japanese fathers value parenting more than British fathers