问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这首诗,然后回答问题。(8分)

江  汉 ——杜甫

江汉思归客,乾冲一腐儒。片云天共远,永夜月同孤。

落日心犹壮,秋风病欲苏。古来存老马,不必取长途。

小题1:“片云天共远,永夜月同孤”运用什么手法抒发怎样的感情?

小题2:“落日心犹壮,秋风病欲苏”表达了作者怎样的一种精神?

答案

(1)作者运用寓情于景的写法,抒发了自己跟一片浮云齐飘远天,与一轮月共度长夜的飘零落寞之感。(4分,“手法”“感情”各2分)

(2)第5、6句表达了作者自强不息、锲而不舍的顽强精神。(4分)

小题1:

题目分析: “片云天共远,永夜月同孤”绘景,举目但见片云远飘天涯,孤月高悬夜空。诗人寓情于景,由远浮天边的片云,孤悬明月的永夜,联想到了自己客中情事,仿佛自己就与云、月共远同孤一样。借片云孤月比喻自己寂寞凄凉的处境。

点评:寓情于景是意境创造的一种重要手段,其中的景往往是情的触媒和载体,情则是景的命脉和灵魂;情傍景生,景依情活,至于触到的什么景,寄的什么情,则因人、因时、因境而异。如本题“归客”一词可见作者作客他乡,然后联系景物特点,可见作者飘零落寞之感。此类诗看似句句写景,却是句句抒情,情蕴涵于景,情景融为一体。

小题2:

题目分析: “落日心犹壮,秋风病欲苏”明志,自己虽至垂暮之年,身处逆境,依然雄心犹壮,面对飒飒秋风,非但无悲秋之感,反觉病身似欲康复。诗人积极用世、自强不息、锲而不舍的顽强精神昂扬奋进。

点评:分析作者在文中的观点态度,要抓住诗中关键性词语,即议论性、抒情性词语,或是诗眼,诗眼一般为动词、形容词、副词等,如本句中“犹壮”“欲苏”;还要抓住直接表明作者情感的词语,如喜、哀、悲、痛、怒、愤、怨、叹、笑、喜、乐等,这些词语给读者明确的信号。

完形填空
完形填空。
     A parable(寓言)tells about a martial artist who kneels (跪) before a master in a ceremony to receive the Black Belt, which is hard to earn. After years of  1 , the student has finally reached a height of achievement
in the discipline.
     "Before gaining the belt, you must  2 one more test," the coach seriously tells the young man.
     "I'm ready," responds the student,   3   perhaps one more round of boxing.
     "You must answer the   4   question: what is the true meaning of the Black Belt?"
     "Why, the end of my journey," says the student. "A well-deserved  5 for my hard work."
     The master waits for more.  6 , he is not satisfied. The coach finally speaks, "You are not ready for the
Black Belt.  7 in one year."
    As the student  8   before his master a year later, he is again asked the question, "What is the true  9 of
the Black Belt?"
     "It is a symbol of honor and the highest achievement in our art." The young man responds.
     Again the master waits for more. Still   10 , he says once more, "You are not ready for the Black Belt.
Return in one year."
     A year later the student kneels before his coach and   11 the question, "What is the true meaning of the
Black Belt?"
     This time he answers, "The Black Belt  12 not the end, but the beginning, the 13 of a never-ending
journey of discipline, work and the pursuit of an ever higher standard."
     "Yes," says the master. "You are now ready to 14 the Black Belt and begin your work."
     You may not be  15 for a Black Belt, but you might be at an important point. Maybe you're facing a life
change, perhaps even a  16   one. Or maybe you are waiting for something you have worked hard to
achieve-graduation, a new job, a  17 , or even retirement.
     All wise people see that  18 can be new beginnings. Change need not be feared. And neither should
we be looking for a  19 resting place, for a full and happy life is always active.
     Does the change you face represent, not just an ending, but a new beginning in your life's  20 ? If so,
you may be ready to move forward.
( )1. A. studying  
( )2. A. pass      
( )3. A. intending  
( )4. A. difficult  
( )5. A. achievement
( )6. A. Certainly  
( )7. A. Practice  
( )8. A. stands    
( )9. A. importance
( )10. A. disagreed
( )11. A. responds  
( )12. A. shows    
( )13. A. start    
( )14. A. abandon  
( )15. A. hoping    
( )16. A. wonderful
( )17. A. marriage  
( )18. A. changes  
( )19. A. positive  
( )20. A. journey  
B. training    
B. give        
B. preparin    
B. relevant    
B. reward      
B. Clearly    
B. Remain      
B. kneels      
B. opinion    
B. unsatisfied
B. answers    
B. represents  
B. end        
B. desert      
B. wanting    
B. painful    
B. career      
B. jobs        
B. potential  
B. access      
C. performing  
C. accept      
C. expecting    
C. easy        
C. award        
C. Finally      
C. Wait        
C. appears      
C. meaning      
C. unhappy      
C. wonders      
C. presents    
C. time        
C. receive      
C. looking      
C. special      
C. family      
C. actions      
C. steady      
C. tour        
D. teaching      
D. fail          
D. promising      
D. essential      
D. gift          
D. Unfortunately  
D. Return        
D. came          
D. content        
D. disappointed  
D. hears          
D. means          
D. process        
D. accept        
D. waiting        
D. common        
D. promotion      
D. retirements    
D. probable      
D. route          
单项选择题