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问题 选择题

植物的结构与功能相适应，番茄果实内没有的组织是

A．上皮组织

B．保护组织

C．输导组织

D．营养组织

答案

答案：A

分析：此题考查的知识点是植物的组织．解答时可以从组织的概念、组成种类方面来切入．

解答：解：组织是由众多形态相似结构功能相近的细胞连接在一起形成的细胞群体．植物的组织有保护组织、营养组织、分生组织、输导组织和机械组织等．上皮组织是动物的组织，不是植物的组织，植物的组织是按功能来划分的．如保护组织有保护作用；输导组织，具有输送物质的功能，主要由导管和筛管组成；营养组织，具有制造、储存营养物质的功能；机械组织，具有支撑、保护功能；分生组织，具有分裂、产生新细胞的功能．

故选A．

问答题

(46) It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. (47) However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(48) Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood."
There is, however, a "remarkable range "of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(49) Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.
Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. (50) In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
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单项选择题

确保仓库中所进行的生产活动的安全是仓储管理活动是（）。

A.基本保证

B.充分条件

C.经济条件

D.目的
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