患者女，22岁。双下肢被倒塌建筑物挤压30h余入院，伤后患者一直无尿。双下肢膝以下肿胀明显，皮温低，表面有张力水泡，双足背动脉未扪及，双小腿无痛觉，不能自主运动。血肌酐292.3μmol/L，肌酸激酶（CK）11837IU/L。血气分析：pH7.138，二氧化碳分压42mmHg，氧分压84mmHg，HCO3-14.5mmol/L，碱剩余（BE）-15mmol/L，氧饱和度94%。
患者最可能发生的电解质紊乱是（）
A.低钠血症
B.高钠血症
C.低钾血症
D.高钾血症
E.低镁血症
参考答案：D
第二卷 第四部分：写作（共三节, 满分40分） 第一节阅读填空（共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，根据所读内容, 在下表中的空格处填上适当的单词和短语，每空不超过3个单词。 Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been proved that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor（香味）was added to the vitamin-enriched water, the rat did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were. In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria（自助餐厅） feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given what ever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet. So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what’s best for them. Obviously, there is a ‘body wisdom’, which humans soon lose. Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could. Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around us. Research on eating habits
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