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患者女性，57岁，因“摔倒致左髋部疼痛伴活动受限9日”来诊。患者9日前走路时不慎摔伤左髋部，当时即感左髋部疼痛，活动受限。外院X线片示“左侧股骨颈骨皮质不连续，骨折断端分离错位”，未给予特殊治疗。以“左侧股骨颈骨折”入院。既往无高血压、心脏病及糖尿病病史，无药物及食物过敏史，无肝炎、结核等传染病史，近期无低热、盗汗、体重下降情况。查体：体温36.7℃，脉搏87次/分，呼吸20次/分，血压110/70mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa）。脊柱生理弯曲尚存在，各椎体棘突及棘突旁压痛阴性，骨盆挤压分离试验阳性。左下肢短缩外旋畸形，短缩约3cm，左髋部轻度肿胀，压痛阳性，左髋关节活动受限，左下肢皮肤感觉正常，肌力正常，肌张力不高，足背动脉搏动良，足背伸可，各足趾活动自如，生理反射存在，病理反射未引出。给予5kg皮牵引，预防深静脉血栓及补钾等对症治疗。血、尿、粪常规，血生化，血气分析，心电图，心脏及下肢血管彩色多普勒超声，胸部X线片等未见异常。拟在珠网膜下腔麻醉联合硬膜外麻醉下行左侧人工全髋关节置换术（生物型）。术前静脉滴注头孢哌酮2.0g，手术时间100分钟，术中出血约200ml，术后静脉滴注头孢哌酮2.0g，每日2次，共5日。

为预防手术切口感染，给予抗菌药物的时间为（）

A.手术前3日

B.手术前1日

C.手术前30分钟～2小时

D.手术开始即刻

E.手术开始后30分钟

F.手术完成后即刻

G.手术后30分钟～2小时

答案

参考答案：C

材料题

《史记》上说，尧成为领袖后，仍住在茅草屋里，吃的是粗糙的米饭，喝的是野菜汤，穿的 是粗麻衣服。舜品性仁厚，为人谦让，孝敬父母，爱护百姓，与民同乐。禹在治理洪水的十三年内，曾三次经过家门而不入，以身作则，鞠躬尽瘁。

尧
舜
禹

（1）尧、舜、禹有哪些值得我们学习的地方？____________________________________________________________________（2）到了今天，三位古代贤人的美德还有值得保存的价值吗？谈谈你的看法。____________________________________________________________________

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单项选择题

A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.
The unpunctual man, on one hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both time and his good name. A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained. Time is more valuable than material things. In fact, time is life itself. The unpunctual man is for ever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable asset as well as other’s. The unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or keep appointments promptly. But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it. He knows that he can not get through his huge amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every piece of work when it has to be attended to.
Failure to be punctual in keeping one’s appointments is the sign of disrespect towards others. If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. Usually this will be regarded as a great disrespect to the host and all other guests present.
Unpunctuality, moreover, is very harmful when it comes to do one’s duty, whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or fellow men.

According to the passage, the main reason that a person is always unpunctual is that ______.

A. he has more work to do than other people
B. he is always in a hurry when he works
C. he doesn’t care much about time
D. he always mismanages and wastes his time
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