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问题

“寒塘渡鹤影，冷月葬花魂。”通过描写贵族青年的爱情悲剧、封建家族的衰败历程来揭示中国近代前夜危机和封建社会没落的文学作品是（  ）

A．《窦娥冤》

B．《三国演义》

C．《西游记》

D．《红楼梦》

答案

答案：D

题目分析：此题考查的我国古代反映现实的文学作品的相关史实。考察的是学生对中国古典四大名著的识记能力。需要学生了解每部作品的主题思想。曹雪芹的《红楼梦》描写贾、王、史、薛四大封建家族的衰亡，和贵族青年贾宝玉与林黛玉的爱情悲剧，深刻鞭挞封建制度和封建礼教的罪恶，揭示了封建社会必然崩溃的历史趋势，故此题选择答案D。

判断题

消除钢材的加工硬化，一般都采用淬火处理的方式解决。
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填空题

Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results_____(1) motivated behavior.Motivation can be either positive or negative_____(2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, _____(3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away_____(4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives_____(5) needs, wants or desires,_____(6) negative drives as fears or aversions._____ (7), though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically_____(8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in_____(9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior.____(10) this reason, researchers often refer _____(11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.Goals, _____(12), can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward_____ (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is _____(14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to_____(15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain_____(16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and_____(17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin_____(18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams._____(19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal — attractiveness; in the____(20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal — wrinkled skin.
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