问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这首宋词,回答小题

画堂春

秦观  

  落红铺径水平池,弄晴小雨霏霏。杏园憔悴杜鹃啼,无奈春归。     柳外画楼独上,凭栏手撚花枝,放花无语对斜晖,此恨谁知?

注:撚(niǎn):持取,捻弄

小题1:上阕的景物描写是如何表现无奈之情的?请作简要分析。(5分)

小题2:“凭栏手撚花枝”“放花无语对斜晖”两句主要使用了什么表现手法?表现了词中人物怎样的感情变化?(6分)

答案

小题1:上阙通过描写铺径之落红、弄晴之小雨、憔悴之杏园、哀啼之杜鹃等残春景象,表现伤春、惜春的无奈之情。

小题2:主要表现手法是:细节描写(也可答“动作描写”)。用“撚花” “放花”两个细节(动作)表现了词中人物由爱春、伤春(惜春)到无奈春归的感情变化。(如果逐句分析,只要能答出由爱春、伤春(惜春)到无奈的感情变化也可)

小题1:题目分析:词的上片写春归景物。先写飘零凋落的花瓣已经铺满了园间小路,池水上涨已与岸齐平了,时间分明已进入残节令了,天气乍晴乍雨,晴郎的天空,突然会下起小雨,说晴不晴,说阴不阴,小雨似在逗弄晴天一样。观看杏园已失去了“红杏枝头春意闹”的动人景色,它像一个青春逝去的女子,容颜显得憔悴而没有光泽了。再听枝头杜鹃鸟儿,传来声声“不如归去”,泣血啼唤,多么令人伤感。杜牧诗有:“莫怪杏园憔悴去,满城多少插花人”,这句可能化用小杜诗意。片末,总括一句“无奈春归”,其无可奈何之情,已在上述描写中得到充分表现。

点评:诗歌借助具体的语言描写,来表现诗人的感情,传达诗人的思想,这些感情和思想就是我们所说的“思想内容”。无论是忧国忧民之情、国破家亡之痛,还是游子逐客之悲、征夫思妇之怨,无不感人至深。对于古典诗歌所表达的思想感情,如果稍微细致地加以归类,我们不难发现,有忧愁、寂寞、伤感、孤独、恬淡、闲适、热爱、赞美、仰慕、激愤,坚守节操、忧国忧民等各种类型。

小题2:题目分析:写她独自一人登上冒出柳树枝头的画楼,斜倚栏杆,手捻花枝。这句似由冯延巳:“闲引鸳鸯香径里,手挼红杏蕊”词意化来。她信手捻着花枝儿,一会儿又放下花枝,默默无语上视天空,弄晴的小雨也不下了,只见远处一道残阳从云缝露出来,把霞辉洒在她满是愁容的脸上。她心中的“恨”有谁能理解呢?诚然,词人没有写她“恨”什么。但从词人给我们描绘的这幅春归图里,分明看见她面对春归景色,正在慨叹春光速人易老,感伤人生离多聚少,青春白白流逝。

点评:表现技巧是诗人用来抒发情感、表达题旨的一种手段方法,要准确回答就要熟悉古诗中常用的一些表现方法。①修辞手法:比喻、对偶、夸张、对比、拟人、双关等。②描写手法:A.衬托手法,又分正衬和反衬,反衬又有动静衬、声寂衬、乐哀衬等;B.侧面描写;C.虚实结合;D.象征手法等。③抒情手法:直抒胸臆和间接抒情,间接抒情又有借景抒情、托物言志和托物寓理三种。

单项选择题
填空题

Part 4


Questions 26-45


·Read the following passage and choose the best word for each space.
Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any (26) know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid of goods at reasonable prices, (27) establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide (28) export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it (29) an increasing need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: (30) advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 percent more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy (31) the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live (32) the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little (33) through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good (34) not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article (35) advertised, it is the surest proof. I know that the article does what is (36) for it, and that it represents good value.
Advertising does more for the (37) benefit of the community than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to (38) on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality (39) that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing (40) fine distinctions. Of course advertising (41) to persuade.
If its message were (42) merely to information—and that in itself (43) difficult if not impossible to achieve, (44) even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive — advertising would be so boring (45) no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.

A.accessibly

B.intensively

C.extensively

D.excessively