问题 阅读理解与欣赏

古代诗歌鉴赏(7分)

阅读下面一首唐诗,回答问题。

清溪行

李白

清溪清我心,水色异诸水。

借问新安江,见底何如此?

人行明镜中,鸟度屏风里。

向晚猩猩啼,空悲远游子。

注:本诗为李白在天宝十二载(公元753年)秋天游池州(今安徽贵池)时作。

小题1:本诗着重描写了清溪怎样的特点?寄托了诗人怎样的情怀?(3分)

小题2:诗的五六句“人行明镜中,鸟度屏风里”除了对偶外还用了什么艺术手法,请结合诗句说明其妙处。(4分)

答案

小题1:清澈。(1分)喜欢清新的大自然,喜悦之中又含寂寞孤独(落寞抑郁)之气。(2分)

小题2:比喻手法(1分)诗人以“明镜”比喻清溪,把两岸的群山比作“屏风”,人在岸上行,鸟在山中穿度,倒影在清溪之中。(2分)给人形象生动、身临其境之感。(2分)

小题1:

题目分析:南朝梁沈约曾写过一首题为《新安江水至清浅深见底贻京邑游好》的诗 :“洞彻随深浅 ,皎镜无冬春。千仞写乔树,百丈见游鳞。”新安江水的确是清澈的,然而,与清溪相比又将如何呢?“借问新安江,见底何如此?”新安江,能比得上清溪这样清澈见底吗?这样,就以新安江水色之清对比衬托出清溪的更清。诗人离开繁华而混杂的长安,来到这清澈见底的清溪畔 ,固然感到“清心”,但对于胸怀济世之心和报国之志的诗人,不免有一种心灵上的孤寂。因此入晚时猩猩的一声声啼叫,在诗人听来,仿佛是在为自己远游他乡而悲切,流露出诗人内心一种落寞郁闷的情绪。

小题2:

题目分析:运用比喻的手法来正面描写清溪的清澈。诗人以“明镜”比喻清溪,将两岸的群山比作“屏风”。于是人在岸上行走,鸟在山中飞行,倒影在清溪之中游走,就如:“人行明镜中,鸟度屏风里。”这样一幅美丽的倒影,使人如身入其境。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.
"The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance ; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.

The author implies that ______.
A. the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitude
B. in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades
C. people usually act on the basis of reasoning rather than emotion
D. children’s attitudes often come from those of other children

Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities) , science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom... these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
However. when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.
To illustrate, first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.