问题 综合

根据图文资料,回答下列问题。

埃及的亚历山大、伊拉克的巴格达、我国的拉萨和上海四城市都位于北纬30°附近,但气候却有明显的差异。

(1)判断下列表格中的“气温曲线与降水量柱状图”,将亚历山大、巴格达、拉萨、上海四城市的名称填写在相应的空格中。

(2)读“亚历山大等四城市位置简图”及“气温曲线与降水量柱状图”,比较四城市的降水差异,并分析其原因。

答案

(1)

城市名称上海亚历山大巴格达拉萨
(2)降水差异状况:从四个城市的年降水量看,上海最多,亚历山大和拉萨次之,巴格达最少。在降水季节分配上,上海和拉萨降水主要集中在夏季,亚历山大降水主要集中在冬季,巴格达则终年干燥少雨。降水差异原因:上海位于亚欧大陆东部,濒临太平洋,受海陆热力差异影响,夏季风带来丰沛的降水。亚历山大位于地中海沿岸,冬季受来自大西洋的西风影响,降水集中,夏季受副热带高气压带控制,干燥少雨。拉萨位于青藏高原,海拔高,居于内陆,全年降水较少,但夏季来自印度洋的西南季风通过垭口、谷地带来一定的水汽。巴格达位于西亚,受高气压控制,且难以得到海洋水汽的调节,因此终年炎热干燥。

根据四个城市的位置可以判断出,亚历山大为地中海气候,雨热不同期,对应于第二幅图;巴格达地处西亚,全年受副热带高气压带控制,形成了终年炎热少雨的热带沙漠气候,对应于第三幅图;拉萨位于青藏高原,形成了独特的高山气候,也是四个城市中气温最低的,对应于最后一幅图;上海地处亚欧大陆东岸,受海陆热力性质差异的影响,形成了亚热带季风气候,雨热同期,对应于第一幅图。这四个城市的降水量和降水的季节分配都有着较为明显的差异。

选择题
填空题

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