问题 问答题 简答题

简述按与供应商的交易关系稳定性角度分,供应商可以分为哪几类。

答案

参考答案:

按交易关系稳定性可以把供应商分成以下几类:

(1)短期目标型双方之间希望彼此能保持较长时期的买卖关系,获得稳定的供应,但是双方所做的努力只停留在短期的交易合同上,各自关注的是如何谈判,如何提高自己的谈判技巧,而不是如何改善自己的工作,使双方都获利。

(2)长期目标型与供应商保持长期的关系,供需双方有可能为了共同利益对改进各自的工作感兴趣,并在此基础上建立起合作关系。长期目标型的特征是从长远利益出发,相互配合,不断改进产品质量与服务水平,共同降低成本,提高供应链的竞争力。

(3)渗透型这种关系形式是在长期目标型集成上发展起来的。渗透型的管理思想是把对方公司看成自己公司的延伸,是自己的一部分。为了能够参与对方的业务活动,有时会在产权关系上采取适当的措施,如互相投资、参股等,以保证双方利益的一致性。

(4)联盟型是从供应链角度的纵向链条上管理成员之间的关系。由于成员增加,往往需要一个处于供应链上核心地位的企业出面协调成员之间的关系,它常常被称为"盟主企业"。

(5)纵向集成型这种形式是把供应链上的成员整合起来,像一个企业一样,但各成员又是完全独立的,决策权属于自己。在这种关系中,要求每个企业充分了解供应链的目标、要求,以便在充分掌握信息的条件下,自觉做出有利于供应链整体利益的决策。

阅读理解

Because earthquakes happen without warning, it’s important to take steps now to prepare. Because you don’t know where you will be when an earthquake happens, prepare some supplies for your home, workplace, and car.

1. Water.

A person needs at least 1/2 gallon of water daily just for drinking. Store at least 1 gallon of water per person per day and be prepared for a 72-hour period. It is suggested that you buy bottled water. Keep bottled water in its original container and do not open it until you need to use it. Also, do check the “use by” date.

2. Food.

It’s always a practical idea to keep a supply of non-perishable(不易腐烂的) food on hand. Have an enough supply of canned food, powdered milk, dried fruits, non-salted nuts and canned juices for at least 72 hours.

3. Flashlights(手电筒) and spare batteries.

Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work, and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are sure that no gas leaks.

Prepare a battery-powered radio and spare batteries. Most telephones will be out of order, so radios will be your best source of information.

4. Clothes.

If you live in a cold place, you must think about warmth. You might not have heat after an earthquake. Think about your clothing and bedding supplies.

小题1: Why should people prepare themselves for an earthquake?

A.Because earthquakes can be known before they happen.

B.Because earthquakes take place without warning.

C.Because earthquakes usually take place in the neighborhood.

D.Because it’s people’s daily work to prepare the earthquakes.小题2: About the prepared water, which description is RIGHT?

A.A person should prepare 0.5 gallon of water for one day.

B.You’d better use your own containers to keep water.

C.You’d better open the bottled water when you buy it.

D.You shouldn’t open the bottled water until you need it.小题3: You should prepare all of the following except ______.

A.powdered milk

B.fresh vegetables

C.dried fruits

D.canned juices小题4:According to the article we know that ______.

A.we need to prepare some supplies only at home

B.a telephone is the most important prepared thing

C.flashlights but not matches are first used after earthquakes

D.clothes are used to protect your head小题5: If you live in a cold place, you should prepare _______.

A.some warm clothes and bedding supplies

B.some hot water

C.some batteries

D.some flashlights

单项选择题