问题 单项选择题

以下关于社会学的论述( )比较正确。

A.社会学是一门综合性的社会性学科。不能采用任何自然的成果来研究社会现象和问题

B.社会学是一门综合性的社会性学科,它将社会作为一个有机体来研究,因此,有机体的自然进化规律也完全适用于社会学

C.社会学是应用科学的研究方法以取得对人类社会认识的综合性科学,其成果应表现为定量的统计、分析和结论,而不是抽象的定性的概念表述

D.社会学是一门综合性的社会性学科,其综合性表现在科学的研究经常结合和利用其他社会科学甚至自然科学的成果来对社会进行立体的研究

答案

参考答案:D

解析:[试题解析] 首先,这种综合性突出表现在它研究任何一种社会现象、社会过程或社会问题时,总是联系多种有关的社会因素以至于自然因素来加以考察。其次,这种综合性还表现在社会学的研究经常结合和利用其他社会科学甚至自然科学的成果,来做综合性的考察。

填空题



For more than two centuries, American’s colleges and universities have been the backbone of the country’s progress. They have educated the technical, managerial, (1) and provided generation after generation of national leaders. Today educators from around the globe are turning to U. S. institutions of higher learning (2) . They are apt to find many reasons for the excellence of American universities, but (3) stand out as watersheds:
Education (4) : In 1862 Congress enacted the Land-Grant College Act, which essentially extended the opportunity of higher education (5) , including such disenfranchised groups as women and minorities. Each state was permitted to sell large tracts of (6) and use the proceeds to endow at least one public college.
(7) : Over the years, the decentralization and diversity of the America’s colleges and universities have promoted competition for students and resources. Competitive pressure first arose (8) . The academy’s impact really grew after World War II, when (9) commissioned by President Roosevelt argued that it was the federal government’s responsibility to (10) for basic research. Instead of being centralized in government laboratories, scientific research (11) in American universities and generated increasing investment. It also gave graduate students research opportunities and helped (12) far and wide, to the benefit of industry, medicine and society as a whole.
(13) : The end of the World War II saw passage of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944. The law, which provided for (14) for returning veterans, made an already democratic higher-education system accessible in ways that were (15) in Europe, opening the doors of the best universities to men and women who had (16) of going to college.
(17) : The creation of federal loan guarantees and subsidy programs, as well as outright grants for college students brought (18) to higher education and further helped to democratize access. Since its founding (19) , the Federal Family Education Loan Program has funded more than 74 million student loans worth more than (20) .

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