问题 问答题

试述拿破仑帝国覆灭的原因。

答案

参考答案:(1)欧洲各国对法国大革命及拿破仑帝国的敌视和干涉。欧洲列强鉴于法国革命的进程特别是拿破仑对欧洲各国的冲击,他们纷纷联合起来组成反法联盟,干涉法国革命,试图将法国颠覆。从1793年第一次反法同盟的组建到1815年拿破仑帝国的彻底崩溃,欧洲列强共组建了七次反法同盟战争。滑铁卢之战是身经百战的拿破仑所进行的最后一战,它客观上宣告了拿破仑帝国的终结。 (2)拿破仑无限的称霸野心是帝国走向衰落的重要原因。1912年侵略俄国的军事失败,使拿破仑帝国陷于土崩瓦解的状态。 (3)大陆封锁政策上的失误。拿破仑的大陆封锁体系对英国的打击最初是沉重而有效的。然而拿破仑帝国是一个在武力征服之下的松散的、支离破碎的联合体,再加上英法之间经济实力的巨大悬殊,大陆其他国家对大陆封锁体系的阳奉阴违,各国之间贸易走私猖獗等,这一切都是导致大陆封锁体系瓦解的潜在威胁。

阅读理解

When Frida Kahlo's paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as “ a ribbon (丝带)around a bomb”. Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.

Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City , Kahlo suffered from polio(小儿麻痹症)at the age of seven. Her spine (脊柱)become bent as she grew older. Then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident. Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. However, the accident had an unexpected side effect. While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to paint.

In 1929, she got married to Diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist. Rivera’s strong influences on Kahlo’s style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.

Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and1940s, even in her home country. Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo’s works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.

小题1:What does the phrase “a much bigger name” in paragraph 1 most nearly mean?

A.a far better artist

B.a far more gifted artist

C.a much stronger person

D.a much more famous person小题2:The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by         .

A.polio

B.back injuries

C.the operations she had

D.her bent spine小题3:Kahlo’s style had become increasingly independent since the           .

A.1950s

B. 1930s

C.1940s

D.1970s小题4:What is author’s attitude toward Kahlo?

A.Devotion

B.Sympathy

C.Worry

D.Encouragement

选择题