问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这首宋诗,然后回答问题。(8分)

落梅

刘克庄

一片能教一断肠, 可堪平砌更堆墙。

飘如迁客来过岭, 坠似骚人去赴湘。

乱点莓苔多莫数,偶粘衣袖久犹香。

东风谬掌花权柄, 却忌孤高不主张。

【注】①莓苔,苔藓植物,生长在阴湿的地方。

小题1:颈联与陆游的《卜算子·咏梅》中“零落成泥碾作尘,只有香如故”有异曲同工之妙。请结合两句诗,对“同工”之处作简要分析。(4分)

小题2:《落梅》一诗,因其言近旨远而成为宋代屈指可数的咏梅佳作。请结合尾联分析诗中包含的讽喻之意。(4分)

答案

小题1:两句诗表面上都写了梅花的不幸遭遇,“零落成泥”,寂寞凄凉,与莓苔为伍。(1分)赞美梅花虽遭不幸但香气经久不灭。(1分)实际上托物言志,(1分)赞美的不只是梅花,更是那些虽然遭迁谪放逐但仍坚守志节的迁客骚人。(1分)

小题2:尾联看似指责“东风”胡乱使用对百花生杀予夺的权力,嫉恨梅花孤高。(1分)实际上是用比喻手法,把“东风”比作历史上和现实中的执掌权柄者,(1分)巧妙而又曲折地把矛头指向历史和现实中的一切嫉贤妒能、打击人才的当权者。寄托自己仕途不遇的感慨以及对这种不尊重人才现象的强烈不满。(2分)

小题1:

题目分析:此类题可结合着两句诗的关键词从梅花的形象、运用的表现手法、抒发的情感等角度来分析其“同工”之处。“乱点莓苔” 与“零落成泥”在表现梅花的形象上相似,落入泥土与莓苔为伍,都表现了梅花的不幸遭遇;“久犹香”“香如故”均是对梅花虽遭不幸但香气依旧的赞美。从人文意蕴角度看,写梅花的遭遇与品质是为了写人,故都用了托物言志的手法,其目的是赞美那些像梅花一样遭遇不幸却坚守志节的迁客骚人。可根据以上分析综合答案即可。

小题2:

题目分析:尾联写东风因“忌孤高”而“谬掌花”,写出了东风对梅花的摧残,很明显,运用的是讽喻手法,梅花象征着人才、贤能,东风喻指那些嫉贤妒能、打击人才的当权者;结合诗歌背景及写作意图可知,诗人借讽喻东风残花来表达自己仕途不遇的感慨和不满,综合起来概括便可得出答案。

问答题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     As we all know,sleep is very important and necessary.I would love everyone to form the habits

below to have better sleep.

     Eat right meals and don't have meals within 4 hours of rest.If you eat much food an hour before

you go to bed,your body will hate you.Your body needs time to digest (消化) while you are still

awake.

     Exercise for at least________every day.Sometimes I become very angry when I hear on TV that

people just need 30minute exercise a week.That's funny.Every person should be getting 30minute

exercise daily along with a healthy diet.When you do exercises,you use energy that your body has

to recover from.Your body recovers when you are sleeping.The_more_exercises_you_do,the_faster

_you_will_fall_to_sleep.

     Turn the TV off.There are a few shows I watch still,but they will never get in my way of (妨碍)

sleep.The bedroom is only for sleeping and it is a place for rest.You'd better take the TV out of your

bedroom.

     Throw away the alarm.You should ask yourself a question: If I didn't have an alarm,at what time

would I get up? If that time is the time you need to get up,you should probably throw away the alarm.

If the time you actually get up at is much later than the time you do get up at,make great changes to

your way of life and the time when you go to sleep.No one should need an alarm.

1.What would be the best title of the passage?  (Please answer within 10 words.)

________________________________________________________________________

2.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

It is a better way for you to put the television outside your bedroom.

________________________________________________________________________

3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words.(Please answer within 5 words.)

________________________________________________________________________

4.Why will your body hate you if you eat much food an hour before you go to bed? (Please answer

within 15 words.)

________________________________________________________________________

5.Please translate the underlined part in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.

________________________________________________________________________