问题 单项选择题 A1型题

下列不属于急性脓胸治疗原则的是()

A.全身支持

B.选用有效抗生素

C.排尽胸膜腔内脓液

D.促进肺复张以闭合脓腔

E.绝对卧床休息

答案

参考答案:E

阅读理解

On November18, 1995, Itzhak Perlman, the world famous violinist, came on stage to give a concert at Lincoln Centre in New York City. If you have ever been to a Perlman concert, you know that getting on stage is not easy for him. He got polio(小儿麻痹症)as a child, and has to walk with the aid of two crutches(拐杖)now.

That night Perlman walked slowly to his chair. Then he sat down and began to play. But, suddenly, one of the strings on his violin broke. You could hear it break---it broke with a loud noise.

People thought to themselves, “He would have to get up to either find another violin or find another string for this one.”

But he didn’t. Instead, he waited a moment, closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again. The orchestra(管弦乐队)began, and he played from where he had stopped. He played with such passion and such power.

Of course, everyone knows that it is impossible to play a symphonic work with just three strings. But that night Itzhak Perlman refused to know that. You could see him changing and recomposing(重新作曲)the piece in his head.

When he finished, there was a silence in the room. Then people rose and cheered. We were all on our feet, doing everything we could to show how much we appreciated what he had done.

He smiled and then he said in a quiet tone, “You know, sometimes it is the artist’s task to find out how much music you can make with what you have left.”

His words have stayed in my mind ever since I heard them. That is also the way of life. Perhaps our task in this quickly changing world in which we live is to make music, at first with all that we have, and then, when that is no longer possible, to make music with what we have left.

小题1:Holding a concert is challenging for Perlman because ______.

A.he is just a world famous violinist

B.he has never performed on stage before

C.he is physically disabled as a result of a disease

D.he has difficulty in moving his body小题2:When Perlman had just begun playing, ______.

A.there was something wrong with the violin

B.he fell ill suddenly

C.an accident happened and caused a disturbance

D.a very loud noise arose from the audience小题3: If one of the strings suddenly broke, what would an ordinary player do?

A.He would cancel the concert.

B.He would play another violin.

C.Another performer would play instead.

D.The concert would be put off.小题4:The audience rose and cheered ______.

A.to show they are satisfied with Perlman’s performance

B.to thank the orchestra for their passionate performance

C.to ask Perlman for another performance

D.to express their appreciation of Perlman’s creative mind小题5: The lesson we draw from the story is that ______.

A.we should make the best of what we have

B.what we have is more important than what is lost

C.we should not care about what is lost

D.the way of life is to always live with music

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各小题。

拟论姚莹功罪状

(清)鲁一同

守边之士,皆威信千里,坐摧强寇。用之则边境安,舍之则戎心启。故延寿不赏,汉臣寒心;道济见杀,宋疆日蹙。何者?忠孝勇猛之士,敌人所构忌,谗间所由横生,徒以纤芥之间,卒絓吏议,使折冲奇士旋踵及身,为世深戒,诚可痛也!

窃见前台湾道姚莹,忠勤文武,守边数年,横塞夷虏之冲。虏尝三犯之,摧败夺气以去。军兴以来,南接广闽,北连江浙,失地丧师者骈肩望于道。台湾地广不过一大郡,卒不过千人,其所摧陷,足以暴白于天下矣。

往者和议初成,佥谓可恃。厦门旋覆,浙东再躏。准今视昔,和之不可信可见于此矣。今信逆虏反复之说,轻折捐命之臣,摧败士气,为夷复仇。

夷自定海以来,小入覆军,大入夺城,焚杀淫掠,动以万计。就如逆虏失风被剿,送死东陲,亦足以雪数年之深耻,偿士卒之冤痛。

奉命守土,惟敌是求。皇上天容地载,沛大恩于上;诸臣守义,死节于下。以守则固,以和则久。国体事机,亦无损缺。臣见其功,未见其罪。

窃料夷人张其凶暴咆哮中国深入腹地得而不有非有余力而不肯施技止此也使边将皆如莹等出万死不一顾返之计纵不百全胜负之理亦当相较或未易量。

今怵其诡说,变易有功之臣。莹等一去,海外孤危。后有来者,避畏吏议,孰敢击贼?边吏解体,辱军之将有所饰其耻,率相委而去。东南之祸未有艾也。

且国家诛诸将以委城,而罪莹以敢战。进退之义,臣未得其中。谓宜湔雪莹罪,激励有功,以劝来者。

谨状。

【注】①姚莹,台湾兵备道,曾带兵击败入侵的英军。事后,英政府对清政府施加压力,要求严惩姚莹。朝廷迫于压力将姚莹革职。②延寿,是甘延寿,他是西汉末年的 * * 。③道济,是檀道济,他是南朝名将。④絓:触犯,影响。

小题1:对下列句子中加点词的解释,正确的一项是             (3分)

A.敌人所构忌构造

B.轻折捐命之臣捐助

C.东南之祸未有艾也停止

D.激励有功,以劝来者劝说小题2:下列各组句子中,加点词的意义和用法都不相同的一组是       (3分)

A.

B.

和之不可信可见于此矣往者和议初成

C.

D.

沛大恩于上后有来者,避畏吏议

舍之则戎心启敌人所构忌

以守则固辱军之将有所饰其耻小题3:下列句子中,都是表现姚莹“功绩”的一组是             (3分)

①横塞夷虏之冲

②失地丧师者骈肩望于道

③逆虏失风被剿,送死东陲

④皇上天容地载,沛大恩于上

⑤其所摧陷,足以暴白于天下矣

⑥谓宜湔雪莹罪

A.①④⑥

B.①③⑤

C.②③⑥

D.②④⑤小题4:下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是         (3分)

A.作者认为得力的守边大臣往往会受到敌人的陷害,朝廷要保持清醒的头脑,不要因敌人的离间,轻易惩罚他们。

B.作者认为姚莹凭借台湾的狭小地方、弱小的军事力量,在对抗敌人的侵略中取得了重大的军事胜利,值得敬佩。

C.从历史上看来,外来侵略者提出的和谈都是不可相信的,那些和谈不过是为了进行更大侵略的缓兵之计而已。

D.作者在文中替因抗敌被治罪的姚莹进行申诉,指出朝廷赏罚失宜,建议应洗雪功臣的冤屈,激励有功之人。小题5:断句和翻译。(10分)

(1)用“/”给下面的文段断句。(3分)

窃料夷人张其凶暴咆哮中国深入腹地得而不有非有余力而不肯施技止此也使边将皆如莹等出万死不一顾返之计纵不百全胜负之理亦当相较或未易量

(2)翻译下面的句子。(7分)

①今怵其诡说,变易有功之臣。(3分)

②且国家诛诸将以委城,而罪莹以敢战。(4分)