问题 多项选择题

若企业人力资源供不应求,可以采取的解决方法一般有()。

A.减少员工的工作时间

B.合并或关闭某些臃肿机构

C.提高企业的资本有机构成

D.将符合条件的富余人员调往空缺岗位

E.制定聘用非全日制临时用工计划

答案

参考答案:C, D, E

解析:解决企业人力资源供不应求的方法包括:①将符合条件,而又处于相对富余状态的人调往空缺职位;②如果高技术人员出现短缺,应拟订培训和晋升计划,在企业内部无法满足要求时,应拟订外部招聘计划;③如果短缺现象不严重,且本企业的员工又愿延长工作时间,则可以根据《劳动法》等有关法规,制定延长工时适当增加报酬的计划,这只是一种短期应急措施;④提高企业资本技术有机构成,提高工人的劳动生产率,形成机器替代人力资源的格局;⑤制定聘用非全日制临时用工计划;⑥制定聘用全日制临时用工计划。最为有效的方法是通过科学的激励机制,以及培训提高员工生产业务技能,改进工艺设计等方式,来调动员工积极性,提高劳动生产率,减少对人力资源的需求。AB两项属于解决企业人力资源过剩的常用方法。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     The Queen's English is now sounding less upper-class, a scientific study of the Queen's Christmas

broadcasts had found. Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries

since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard

Received.

     Jonathan Harrington, a professor at Germany's University of Munich, wanted to discover whether

accent (口音) changers recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. "As far

as I know, there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records," he said.

     He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-

class accent over the past years. "Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago. But these

are very, very small and slow changes that we don't notice from year to year."

     "We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes," he told The Daily Telegraph, a British

newspaper. "In 1952 she would have been hears saying 'thet men in the bleck het'. Now it would be 'that

man in the black hat'. And 'hame' rather than 'home'. In the 1950s she would have been 'lorst', but by the

1970s 'lost'."

     The Queen's broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas, the

10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional

turkey lunch. (传统火鸡午餐).

     The results were published (发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.

1. The Queen's broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because _____.

A. she has been Queen for many years

B. she has a less upper-class accent now

C. her speeches are familiar to many people

D. her speeches have been recorded for 50 years

2. Which of the following is an example of a less noble accent in English? 

A. "duaty"

B. "citee"

C. "hame"

D. "lorst"

3. We may infer from the text that the Journal of Phonetics is a magazine on _____.

A. speech sounds

B. Christmas customs

C. TV broadcasting

D. personal messages

4. What is the text mainly about?

A. The relationship between accents and social classes.

B. The Queen's Christmas speeches on TV.

C. The changes in a person's accent.

D. The recent development of the English language.

单项选择题