问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面这首诗歌,按要求答题。(6分)

题扬州禅智寺

杜 牧

雨过一蝉噪,飘萧松桂秋。

青苔满阶砌,白鸟故迟留。

暮霭生深树,斜阳下小楼。

谁知竹西路,歌吹是扬州。

小题1:这首诗用字讲究,请简要分析“青苔满阶砌”中“满”字的表达效果。(3分)

小题2:有人认为这首诗的开头和结尾“珠联璧合”,你同意吗?请说说你的看法。(3分)

答案

小题1:(3分)“满”字写出台阶上青苔之密,(1分)间接写出了来人稀少;(1分)渲染了环境的空寂凄清。(1分)(应突出“满”描写对象的特点和环境的特点。)

小题2:(3分)同意。这首诗的开头以动写静,以“蝉躁”反衬寺静;(1分)结尾用静中有动收篇,用扬州的繁华喧闹和禅智寺的静寂作了对比(或反衬;或以乐景衬哀情,用歌舞喧闹、市井繁华的扬州反衬出禅智寺的静寂,更突出了诗人孤独凄清和有所失落的心境)。(1分)首尾珠联璧合,相映成趣,艺术构思十分巧妙。(1分)

小题1:

题目分析:颔联以形显静,渲染禅智寺的孤清:“阶砌”,台阶、石路;“迟留”,久留不去。“满”说明路阶青苔密布,表明人迹罕至;小鸟徘徊不去,暗示周围寂寥无人。诗人信手拈来的两个形象,给人满目荒凉、空寂孤单之感。宛如一幅清雅的水墨小品,意境清幽而苍凉。

小题2:

题目分析:诗人首联以声写静,反衬禅智寺的冷寂:“蝉噪”,蝉鸣;“飘萧”,风声萧瑟;“秋”,点明 时间,突出秋意。雨住风清,秋蝉嘶鸣;松桂飘摇,秋意横生。偌大的禅智寺,单调的秋蝉声如噪,微弱的秋风声可闻,足见环境寂静。秋风秋雨给人凄冷之感,松桂瑟瑟,给人枯寂之感。禅智寺氛围的冷寂令人“闻声”而凉意暗生。尾联以乐衬哀,表现诗人的孤凄落寞。夜幕降临,晚风送来喧闹的歌乐声,身外不远处,就是“十里春风”、市井繁华的扬州啊!想当年,自己曾在这里放浪形骸、意气诗 酒、“赢得青楼薄幸名”。可如今,却只能在静寂的禅智寺中独坐凄凉。个中滋味,谁能体会呢?以歌乐之乐反衬孤凄之哀,“冠盖满京华,斯人独憔悴”的落寞伤 感油然而生。华年渐逝的感慨、仕途失意的郁愤、国势江河日下的忧戚……齐上心头矣!

阅读理解

B

Deep into the night, the bus pulled into a Howard Johnson’s restaurant and everybody got off the bus except Vingo. The young people began to wonder about him, trying to imagine his life:perhaps he was sea captain; maybe he had run away from wife; he could be an old soldier going home. When they went to the bus, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. After a long time, slowly and painfully, he began to tell his story. He had been in prison in New York for the last four years, and he was going home.

“Well, when I was in prison I wrote to my wife. I said, Martha, I understand if you can’t stay married to me. I said I was going to be away a long time, and that if she couldn’t stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, if it hurt her too much, well, she could just forget all about me. I told her she didn’t have to write to me, and she didn’t. Not for the three and a half years.”

“Last week, when I was sure freedom was coming through, I wrote to her. I told her if she had a new young man, I would understand. But if she didn’t, if she would take me back, she should let me know. We used to live in this town, Brunswick, and there’s a great big oak tree just as you come into the town. I told her if she could take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and if she didn’t want me, forget me, no handkerchief and I’d keep going on through.”

Soon all the others were in it. When they were 20 miles from Brunswick, the young people took over window seats on the right side, waiting for the approach of the great oak tree. Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the excon’s mask. Then it was 10 miles, and five, and the bus became very quiet.

Then suddenly all of the young people were up out of their seats, screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances. All except Vingo.

39.In the story, the yellow handkerchief probably means_______.

A.happiness     B.sadness         C.I hate you         D.I still love you

40.The bus became quiet when it came near the town because all the passengers_______.

A.got tired after a long journey        B.got too sad to say anything

C.were anxious to see the oak tree      D.were touched by the story

41.The underlined part “All except Vingo” probably implies_______.

A.he found no handkerchief on the oak tree

B.he feared that his wife was playing a joke

C.he felt he could not match his wife any longer, afraid to face her

D.he had complicated feelings at the moment:guilty, grateful as well as excited

42.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Going Home                       B.A Handkerchief and an Oak Tree

C.A Long Bus Journey                  D.A Story of an Oak Tree

单项选择题