问题 填空题

阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。

      My grandmother was an iron-willed (强硬的) woman. When I was five, she invited some friends to her

apartment. Among the guests there (1)______ (be) a rich man and his daughter. Grandmother considered

them the most important among the guests. 

      During the party, I went to the bathroom. I was still sitting down when the girl walked in."You (2)______

(stay) here too long!" 

      "It's not your business. Don't you know that little girls shouldn't come into the bathroom when a little boy

(3)______ (use) it!" I said in anger. This (4)______ (surprise) the little girl. Then she started to cry. Most guests

had heard what I said and laughed. But not Grandmother. 

      She (5)_______ (wait) for me when I left the bathroom, Grandmother shouted that I was impolite and rude

and ordered, "You (6)_______ (say) sorry to her." All the guests watched in silence. 

      Twenty minutes later, Grandmother walked by the bathroom and noticed a torrent (激流) of water

(7)_______ (run) out from under the door. Everyone knew who did that. Grandmother was so angry that she

tried (8)_______ (get) me away. It took several strong men finally to move me away and calm me down. 

      My grandfather took me by the hand and seated me on his lap. He looked at me, not at all angry of upset."

(9)_______ (tell) me," he asked, "why did you do it?" 

     "Well, she shouted at me for nothing," I said seriously. "Now she's got something to be angry at." 

     Grandfather didn't speak fight away. He just sat there, looking at me and smiling. I (10)______ never ______

(forget) his expressions (表情) for my whole life. 

      "Eric," he said at last, "I think you did the right thing."

答案

1. was   2. have stayed   3. is using   4. surprised   5. was waiting

6. must say   7. running   8. to get   9. Tell   10. will forget

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文言文,完成小题。

寄欧阳舍人书(节选)

曾 巩

去秋人还,蒙赐书及所撰先大父墓碑铭,反复观诵,感与惭并。

  夫铭志之著于世,义近于史,而亦有与史异者。盖史之于善恶无所不书,而铭者,盖古之人有功德、材行、志义之美者,惧后世之不知,则必铭而见之。或纳于庙,或存于墓,一也。苟其人之恶,则于铭乎何有?此其所以与史异也。其辞之作,所以使死者无有所憾,生者得致其严。而善人喜于见传,则勇于自立;恶人无有所纪,则以愧而惧。至于通材达识、义烈节士,嘉言善状,皆见于篇,则足为后法。警劝之道,非近乎史,其将安近?

  及世之衰,人之子孙者,一欲褒扬其亲而不本乎理。故虽恶人,皆务勒铭以夸后世。立言者,既莫之拒而不为,又以其子孙之请也,书其恶焉,则人情之所不得,于是乎铭始不实。后之作铭者,当观其人。苟托之非人,则书之非公与是,则不足以行世而传后。故千百年来,公卿大夫至于里巷之士,莫不有铭,而传者盖少,其故非他,托之非人,书之非公与是故也

  然则孰为其人,而能尽公与是欤?非畜道德而能文章者,无以为也。盖有道德者之于恶人,则不受而铭之;于众人则能辨焉。而人之行,有情善而迹非,有意 * * 而外淑,有善恶相悬而不可以实指,有实大于名,有名侈于实。犹之用人,非畜道德者,恶作辨之不惑,议之不徇?不惑不徇,则公且是矣。而其辞之不工,则世犹不传,于是又在其文章兼胜焉。故曰非畜道德而能文章者,无以为也,岂非然哉?

然畜道德而能文章者,虽或并世而有,亦或数十年、或一二百年而有之。其传之难又如此,其遇之难又如此。若先生之道德文章,固所谓数百年而有者也。先祖之言行卓卓,幸遇而得铭其公与是,其传世行后无疑也。而世之学者,每观传记所书古人之事,至于所可感,则往往衋然不知涕之流落也,况其子孙也哉?况巩也哉!其追晞祖德而思所以传之之由,则知先生推一赐于巩而及其三世。其感与报,宜若何而图之?

(选自《古文观止》,有删节)

【注】①欧阳舍人:即欧阳修;舍人,官名。②衋xì:悲伤苦痛。

小题1:对下列语句中划线词语的解释,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.生者得致其严:威严

B.故虽恶人,皆务铭 勒:刻

C.有名于实 侈:超过、多

D.辨之不惑,议之不徇:徇私小题2:下列各组语句中,全都能体现作者推崇道德文章的一组是(3分)

①嘉言善状,皆见于篇,则足为后法

②故虽恶人,皆务勒铭以夸后世

③书其恶焉,则人情之所不得

④后之作铭者,当观其人。

⑤非畜道德而能文章者,无以为也

⑥而人之行,有情善而迹非

A.①②⑥

B.②③⑤

C.①④⑤

D.③④⑥小题3:下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是(3分)

A.文章第一段中提及“蒙赐书”及撰“铭”,点明写信之由;“反复观诵”,侧面写出欧文之精彩及作者爱不释手之情景;“感与惭并”,写作者对欧阳修的感激与敬佩。寥寥二十余字,言简意深。

B.作者认为铭文流传于世,其作用接近于史书,而作为史书,则是非常严谨而真实的。而今铭文所以不实,则因逝者的子孙一心想要颂扬他们的先辈,往往刻意隐瞒逝者的恶行,致使撰铭者不能明察。

C.作者先论及古代撰写墓志铭的社会意义,在于褒扬美善;进而论及今之墓铭的流弊,在论及流弊时,特别突出了撰铭人的作用,提出只有撰铭人“畜道德而能文章”,才能写出流传后世的铭文。

D.本文借感谢欧阳修给自己祖父写墓志铭,提出了撰写铭志的两字原则——“公”和“是”,阐述了“道德”“文章”之于儒者修养的重要性,阐发“文以载道”的主张,表达对道德文章兼胜的赞许与追求。小题4:请把文言文阅读材料中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。(9分)

(1)苟其人之恶,则于铭乎何有?此其所以与史异也。(3分)

(2)其故非他,托之非人,书之非公与是故也(3分)

(3)故曰非畜道德而能文章者,无以为也,岂非然哉?(3分)

小题5:用斜线(/)给下面短文中画线的部分断句。(3分)

郑 人 有 且 置 履 者 先 自 度 其 足 而 置 之 坐 至 之 市 而 忘 操 之 已 得履 乃 曰 吾 忘 持 度 反 归 取 之 及 反 市 罢 遂 不 得 履  (选自《韩非子》)

判断题