问题 单项选择题

一致性声明(草案)中提出可建立分析质量技术要求的层次模型不包括()

A.评价在特定的临床情况下分析性能对临床结果的影响

B.评价在一般情况下分析性能对临床决定的影响

C.未发表的专业性推荐文件

D.性能目标的确定机构

E.基于当前技术水平的目标

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

IFCC/IUPAC/WHO三机构于1999年4月在瑞典斯德哥尔摩举办的“建立全球检验医学质量技术要求的策略会议”上提出了“一致性声明(草案)”,其中提出可应用下列层次模型来建立分析质量技术要求。

(1)评价在特定的临床情况下分析性能对临床结果的影响。

(2)评价在一般情况下分析性能对临床决定的影响:①基于生物变异分量的数据;②基于临床医师观点分析的数据。

(3)已发表的专业性推荐文件:①来源于国家和国际专业团体;②来源于地区性或个别的专家。

(4)性能目标由以下机构确定:①政府机构;②室间质量评价(EQA)计划的组织者。

(5)基于当前技术水平的目标:①由室间质评或能力验证计划数据证实;②当前关于方法学的发表文章。

【考点】:初步评价

选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     For the most part, you are probably only exposed to the music that is played on your favorite radio

stations and TV shows, music Web sites, or the music that your friends and family members enjoy. While

you probably know a lot about your favorite type of music, it can be a rewarding experience to enlarge

your horizons (眼界), discovering artists and types of music that you're not familiar with. Who knows,

you might discover you like certain types of music you never even considered.

     Have you ever wondered about the history and influences of your favorite types of music ? For

example, did you know that rock 'n' roll originated (起源) from the blues, and that the blues began as a

form of musical expression for African Americans during slavery (奴隶制度)? Did you know that most

hip-hop is heavily influenced by early rhythm blues and jazz ?

     There are many fun ways to learn about different musical styles and their historical roots. For example,

if you like hip-hop, listen to some of your favorite CDs and take note of the samples the performers used

to create the songs. There is a possibility that the artist used parts of older songs to create the music. You

can go to the library or online to learn more about the artists and listen to more of their music by checking out CDs from the library or downloading songs online for a small fee.

     You can learn so much about culture and history just by paying attention to different types of music

and what is being expressed in the songs. There are so many different styles of music to learn about, and

you owe(欠)it to yourself to make an effort to listen to and learn about them.

1. The main topic of this passage is _____.

A. creating music

B. performing music

C. enjoying your favorite music

D. learning about music

2. What music did African Americans use to express their feelings of being slaves ?

A. Rock 'n' roll.

B. The blues.

C. Hip-hop.

D. Jazz.

3. How can you learn about culture and history through music ?

A. By writing down the names of the music.

B. By creating music from older songs yourself.

C. By caring about what is being expressed in music.

D. By keeping a record of fees after downloading songs online.

4. By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, the author probably means that _____.

A. you should try harder to learn about music

B. you should return something to music

C. you should borrow music CDs from others

D. you should buy music CDs yourself