问题 问答题 论述题

不同年龄阶段教育重点的变化。

答案

参考答案:

A、胎教:给生长到一定时期的胎儿以合适的刺激,对促进胎儿生长有一定意义。

B、婴儿期教育的首要任务是养育。要崇尚"自然";要有意识地的为婴儿设置有丰富刺激物的生活环境;要有意识地、适度地训练婴儿的运动器官与其他器官;要注意观察婴儿的需要与发展的实际进展,据此考虑养育的要求与措施。

C、幼儿期教育的独特任务,一是帮助幼儿掌握两类"工具",即语言工具和幼儿日常使用的各种器具;二是帮助幼儿形成两类交往模式,即与他人合作模式和理解、服从外在规则和成人要求的模式,防止溺爱和迁就;三是帮助幼儿初步形成两种对自己的态度,即积极要求自己和相信自己学习能力的态度,提出适当难度和适当数量的任务,正面教育为主,有意创造幼儿成功的机会。

D、童年期教育的核心任务是帮助儿童学会学习并热爱学习;学会在特殊的社会环境--学校中生活并热爱学校、集体,做学校、集体的小主人,旨在为今后的学习和形成积极的、有所作为的人生态度打下坚实的基础。小学教育要在使学生获得知识的同时,发展多种能力和培养良好的心理品质,是学生的身心都能得到健康的、扎扎实实的发展。

E、少年期教育的特殊任务是丰富少年的内心世界、帮助少年形成正确的自我认识和理想自我。要丰富他们的精神生活,一是要为他们提供丰富的刺激,促使他们去探索新的知识、寻求事实背后的规律、发现现象背后的本质,并体验自己发现、寻求知识的惊喜与满足;二要充实学生的情感生活并促进形成高尚的道德理想;三要发展他们的兴趣和特长。要帮助他们形成正确的自我认识和理想自我,一个重要方面是帮助他们形成自我完善的信心和愿望,并培养他们自我教育的能力。

F、青年期的教育应集中到使他们"学会选择"。具体来说,帮助青年正确认识和处理自我和社会的关系;致力于树立事业心,提高青年从事脑力劳动和体力劳动的素养以及从事创造性活动的意识和能力;指导青年正确处理友谊、恋爱与婚姻。

G、成年期的教育重点在于进一步开发人的某些潜力和弥补以往发展中的缺陷,并帮助成年人解决人生中面临的一些新的问题。

H、老年期教育的重点是使老年人身心得到愉悦、需要得到满足,并帮助老年人树立积极的、洒脱的老年观。

完形填空
The reason why science exists is to improve our lives. Sometimes science can ruin our small guilty pleasures we nature to be happier, though. These four little truths are just some of those.
Sleeping with pets is a good way to catch the plague(瘟疫), or some other bacterial infections, as is claimed in the study done in February 2011 in Emerging Infectious Diseases magazine. The study shares a case of a nine-year-old boy whose cat caught the plague and gave it to its owners while they were sharing a bed. A regular visit to the vet can greatly reduce the risk of your pet catching any disease that may infect the owner as well.
A recent study done on 200,000 people has shown that vitamin supplements do nothing to improve our lives, and what is worse—they actively increase our death risk. This conclusion from 2010 was so unbelievable that it made researchers do even more studies. Each study had the same result. People who choose vitamin supplements over fruit and vegetables are the same as people who choose to eat a burger over a healthy salad.
People who use the solarium(日光浴室)experience certain changes to their brains that are very similar to many caused by drug addiction. According to a study, our brain can in fact recognize the difference between the natural UV light and the solarium.
Long exposure to artificial light during the night is directly linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, obesity and depression. Exposure to artificial light before sleeping disturbs the natural biorhythms(生物节奏)of our bodies, which leads to restriction on the hormone(荷尔蒙)melatonin, which is the hormone that helps us fall asleep.
               Title: Four scientific小题1:_______
 
Passage outline
            
Supporting details
 
Sharing bed with your pet is a terrible idea
 
*You will probably be infected with小题2:______.
*To reduce such risk, you should take your pet to visit the vet小题3:______.
 
Be小题4:______about vitamin supplements
 
Vitamin supplements actively increase the risk of小题5:______.
 
You can become小题6:_____ to solariums
 
The solarium may bring about changes to the小题7:______just like drugs do.
 
小题8:_____long exposure to artificial lights
 
*You are likely to小题9:_____from breast cancer, obesity and depression after long exposure to artificial lights.
*The natural biorhythms of your bodies will be disturbed and you will find it not小题10:______to fall asleep.
 
选择题