问题 选择题

读下图,图中a、b、c、d四点分别处在冷暖锋的不同位置,且两锋面的纬度位置大致相同,读后完成39~40题。

39.下列说法正确的是(      )

①a处在冷锋后冷气团控制下②d处在暖锋后冷气团控制下③c处在连续性的降水天气④b比a气温高气压低

A.①②              B.①③              C.①④              D.②③

40.下列说法错误的是(      )

①有可能形成降水天气的有a处和d处②c比d气温高气压低③b处风向是偏南风④吹偏北风的有a、d

A.①②              B.③④              C.①③              D.②④

答案

【答案】  39.C   40.B

 锋面一般分为冷锋和暖锋,锋面西侧的温度、湿度、气压、风等都有明显的差别。左图为冷锋,锋前b处为暖气团,a处为锋后,受冷气团控制,所以b比a气温高气压低,且冷锋降水在锋后;右图为暖锋,锋前d处为冷气团,锋后c处受暖气团控制,则c处比d处气温高气压低,暖锋降水多发生在锋前,即d处,且多为连续性降水;锋面两侧的风向的确定必须指明锋面所在的半球,否则无法判断。

单项选择题

We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.

Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, output with a norm, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities.

There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.

The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort: a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.

One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.

One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is()

A.plenty of information

B.surplus human energy

C.destructive outbursts

D.less leisure time

单项选择题