问题 实验题

请根据下图所示的实验装置图填空。

(1)指出图中标有数字的仪器的名称:①________ ,② _______,③_______。 

(2)在实验室里若用高锰酸钾制氧气时,发生装置可选用______ (填字母编号),收集装置可选用 _______(填字母编号),有关反应的文字表达式:_______________________;检验集气瓶中收集的气体是不是氧气时应采用的方法是:_________________;加热时装置A中试管口必须塞一团棉花的目的是: _______________;该实验的步骤大致有

①加热,②收集气体,③检查装置的气密性,④装入高锰酸钾,⑤将试管固定在铁架台上,⑥熄灭酒精灯,⑦将导管移出水面。

请按正确的操作顺序将以上步骤的序号写在横线上:_________,上述操作中若⑥⑦顺序颠倒,则后果是__________。

(3)若用B装置制取氧气时,仪器②内盛放的液体药品是__________,B中锥形瓶内盛放的固体粉末是二氧化锰,它做为反应的___________剂, 若要得到比较干燥的氧气,应该选择________作为收集装置,有关反应的文字表达式:_________,该装置中采用分液漏斗的优点是(只要求写一点):_______________。

(4)实验室选用上述B装置还可用来制取的气体有__________ (只要求写一种), 收集装置可选用__________(填字母编号),选用的理由是:_____________,写出实验室制取该气体的反应文字表达式:________________。

(5)甲烷是一种没有颜色,难溶于水,密度比空气小的气体。李红同学用加热醋酸钠和碱石灰的固体混合物制取甲烷,她应选择的发生装置为   (填字母编号),收集装置为____________(填字母编号)。

答案

(1)①铁架台 ;②分液漏斗   ;③水槽

(2)A;  C或D;   高锰酸钾 锰酸钾 + 二氧化锰 + 氧气;用带火星的木条伸入集气瓶中,若木条复燃,则证明该气体是氧气;防止高锰酸钾粉末进入导管,堵塞导管;③④⑤①②⑦⑥;   水槽中的冷水会倒流到热的试管中,使试管骤冷而破裂

(3)双氧水; 催化剂; D; 过氧化氢水 + 氧气; 便于控制反应的开始与结束(或便于控制反应速率或便于节约液体药品等)

(4)二氧化碳; D; 二氧化碳的密度比空气大且不与空气反应;碳酸钙 + 稀盐酸 → 氯化钙 +水 + 二氧化碳  

(5)A; C或E

单项选择题
填空题

The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. (41)______
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42)______ Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.
(43)______ Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side.
If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your’ writing. (44)______ These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.
Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote "The A & P as a State of Mind" wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45)______
Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times—and then again working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.
[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.
[B] After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.
[C] It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.
[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.
[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P "policy" he enforces.
[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in "A & P," the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.
[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.