问题 问答题

简要评述太平天国《天朝田亩制度》的土地政策。

答案

参考答案:(1)土地政策的内容。根据“凡天下田,天下人同耕”的原则,把每亩土地按每年产量的多少,分为上、中、下三级九等,然后好田坏田互相搭配,好坏各一半,按人口平均分配。凡16岁以上的男女每人得到一份同等数量的土地,15岁以下的减半。同时,还提出“丰荒相通”、以丰赈荒的调剂办法。 (2)意义。《天朝田亩制度》提出平分土地、平均分配生活资料的方案,否定了封建土地所有制,反映了广大农民渴望获得土地,要求摆脱地主阶级的压迫与剥削,追求政治上平等、经济上平均的强烈愿望,具有鲜明的反封建的意义。 但是,《天朝田亩制度》所规定的分配土地和“通天下皆一式”的社会经济生活方案,是要在小生产的基础上废除私有制和平均一切社会财富,以求人人平等,是农民的绝对平均主义思想。这种方案不可能使社会生产力向前发展,相反,它将使社会生产力停滞在分散的小农经济的水平上,把农业和家庭手工业相结合的自给自足的自然经济理想化、固定化。因此,它又具有违反社会发展规律的落后性。

阅读理解

John Milton was born in 1606. his father expected him to enter the church of England, but Milton wanted to be a poet. At twenty-nine Milton set off for a travel on the continent. He traveled in France, Switzerland and Italy, winning the friendship of many artists and scientists, including Galileo, the famous Italian scientist who suffered for his discovery in prison. In 1639, he was planning to go on this journey when the news reached him of the break between the king and Parliament(国会). Milton returned to England immediately, and put himself into the struggle against the king, for which he had long been prepared. During the Civil war, Milton worked as the spokesman of the revolution. By the beginning of 1652, Milton had become completely blind, yet he didn’t stop fighting. After the Restoration(复辟), his books were burnt, and he himself avoided being killed because of his blindness.

John Milton was not only a brave revolutionary but also a great poet. His famous poem Paradise Lost(失乐园) was an immediate success. But, for its publication (being published), Milton received only 18 pounds. He died in 1671.

小题1:Milton set off for a travel on the continent here “continent” means ________.

A.Asia

B.Europe

C.America

D.Africa小题2:It was ______ who was put in prison in Italy.

A.Milton

B.the king

C.Galileo

D.Milton’s father小题3:Milton would have been killed if ________________.

A.he had been the spokesman of the revolution

B.his books hadn’t been burnt

C.he hadn’t written the poem Paradise Lost

D.he hadn’t been completely blind小题4:Which of the following sentences is TRUE?

A.John Milton was an ordinary poet, who wasn’t interested in politics.

B.John Milton spent many years traveling around the world.

C.John Milton wrote the poem Paradise Lost, which was liked by the King.

D.John Milton was a fearless revolutionary and a famous poet.

单项选择题