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问题 单项选择题 A1型题

血清中能检出抗HAV IgM的时间是（）

A.起病后6周内

B.起病后12周内

C.起病后6月内

D.起病后4周内

E.起病后12月内

答案

参考答案：C

解析：这是一道理解记忆题。常见错误：错选"A"、"B"、"D"、"E"，说明缺乏HAV病原学及甲型肝炎实验诊断的知识。掌握抗HAV IgM存在的时间对甲型肝炎的临床诊断是很重要的，通过复习甲型肝炎病原学方面的知识就能作出正确判断。血清中能检出抗HAV IgM的时间是起病后6个月内。

多项选择题 案例分析题

病历摘要：护士夜间巡视病房时，发现一男性、61岁患者突然坐起，呼吸困难，烦躁，剧烈咳嗽，咳粉红色泡沫样痰。体检：P112次/分，R32次/分，听诊肺部两侧布满湿性啰音和哮鸣音。

治疗急性肺水肿常用的血管扩张剂有哪些？（）

A.硝酸甘油

B.硝普钠

C.酚妥拉明（利其丁）

D.速尿

E.甘露醇

F.利血平

G.尼莫通

H.低分子右旋糖酐
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单项选择题

Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: Negotiations work wonders. This is particularly so in international business since it is mostly through negotiations that exporters and importers bridge their differences and reach a fair and mutually satisfactory deal. By presenting a more comprehensive negotiating package in a well planned and organized manner, exporters should be able to improve the effectiveness of their business discussions and in the long term the profitability of their export operations. To avoid being confronted by costly demands, an exporter should try to determine the buyer’s real interest in the products from the outset. This can be ascertained through appropriate questions but must also be based on research and other preparations before the negotiations. Only then can a suitable counter-proposal be presented. To achieve a favorable outcome from the negotiations, an exporter should draw up a plan of action beforehand, which addresses a few key issues. Experienced negotiators consider that as much as 80% of their overall time devoted to negotiations should go to such preparations. The preliminary work should be aimed at obtaining relevant information on the target market and the buyers of the products. It should also include developing counter-proposals if objections are raised on any of the exporter’s opening negotiating points. The preparations should thus involve formulating the negotiating strategy and tactics.In international marketing negotiations, it is advisable for small and medium-sized exporters not just to limit their discussions to pricing issues, although pricing is a key factor in any business transaction, exporters should give more attention to the full range of marketing factors. They should stress the strengths of their firms and products and match them with the perceived needs of the buyers. Once these issues have been covered, they can consider the question of price and are able to develop a profitable business.

The author advises the small and medium-sized exporters to do business with（）.

A．care

B．a prospective insight

C．more stress on profit

D．pricing issues
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