问题 选择题

世界人口每年净增近

A.9000万人

B.8000万人

C.7000万人

D.6000万人

答案

B

题目分析: 世界人口每年净增近8000万人,主要集中在发展中国家,原因是生育观念不同,社会福利不完善,人口基数大,自然增长率高等。

点评:本题还可以考查世界人口的增长:世界人口的速度越来越快。世界各大洲中非洲人口增长最快的大洲,欧洲的人口增长速度最慢。发展中国家快,发达国家慢;从世界人口分布来看,中低纬度近海的平原如东亚、东南亚、西欧、 北美为人口稠密地区,因为这里自然条件优越,气候温暖湿润,经济发达,交通便利,对人口有极大的吸引力;人口稀疏区:极端干旱的沙漠地区、过于潮湿的雨林地区、终年严寒的高纬区、地势高峻的高原和山区;人口增长过快带来的问题:人口增长过快带会增加人们的基本的生活需要、教育、医疗、就业等等方面的压力,更重要的是对社会经济的发展、资源和环境产生巨大的压力;解决人口增长过快的办法:人类控制自己,做到有计划的生育,使人口的增长与社会经济的发展相适应,与环境、资源相协调;人口的城市化及其带来的问题:世界人口的城市化是必然的趋势,城市人口的比重是一个国家是否发达的标志之一。通常发达国家城市人口比重大,发展中国家比重较低;人口城市化的原因有:就业机会较多,教育条件好,生活条件好,发展机会多等等。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers (生产商)follow certain uniform standards for various

features(特征)of clothes.What seems strange,however,is that the standard adopted for women is the

opposite of the one for men.Take a look at the way your clothes button.Men's clothes tend to button

from the right, and women's from the left.Considering most of the world's population-men and women-are

righthanded,the men's standard would appear to make more sense for women.So why do women's clothes

button from the left?

      History really seems to matter here.Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th

entury, when rich women were dressed by servants.For the mostly righthanded servants,having women's

shirts button from the  left would be easier.On the other hand, having men's shirts button from the right

made sense, too.Most men dressed themselves,and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would

be less likely to get caught in the shirt.

      Today women are seldom dressed by servants,but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them.

Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change.At a time when all women's shirts buttoned

from the left,it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer women's shirts that buttoned

from the right.After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have

to develop new habits and skills to switch.Besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to

appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right,since anyone who noticed that would believe

they were wearing men's shirts.

1.What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A.It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

B.It is different for men's clothing and women's.

C.It works better with men than with women.

D.It fails to consider righthanded people.

2.What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century?

A.They tended to wear clothes without buttons.

B.They were interested in historical matters.

C.They were mostly dressed by servants.

D.They drew their swords from the left.

3.Women's clothes still button from the left today because____.    

A.adopting men's style is improper for women

B.manufacturers should follow standards

C.modern women dress themselves

D.customs are hard to change

4.The passage is mainly developed by________.

A.analyzing causes

B.making comparisons

C.examining differences

D.following the time order

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