问题 论述题

(10分)思想政治

请考生在A、B两题中任选一题作答,答题时请在答题卡对应的位置上填涂选答的题号。

A.【选修3-国家与国际组织常识】

2013年3月14日,十二届全国人大一次会议表决通过的“关于国务院机构改革和职能转变方案的决定》提出,通过下放投资审批事项、下放生产经营活动审批事项、减少专项转移支付等措施,更好地发挥地方政府贴近基层、就近管理的优势。

(1)国务院机构改革的决定由全国人大表决通过,说明(3分)

①全国人大是最高国家权力机关   ②全国人大是最高国家立法机关

③国务院是全国人大的执行机关   ④国务院是全国人大的监督机关

A.①②    B.①③    C.①②③    D.②③④

(2)有人认为,我国地域辽阔,地区之间经济社会发展不平衡,只有给地方政府放权,才能把地方的事情做好。请给予评析。(7分)

B.【选修4-科学思维常识】

在澳大利亚的一个收获季节,有人发现一片田里的甘蔗产量比往年竟然提高了50%。原来,在栽种前一个月,有一辆拉水泥的车翻在这里,水泥洒得遍地都是。土壤学家说,这里的土壤是酸性的,而水泥中的硅酸钙是碱性的,酸碱中和,土壤得到了改艮,当然会增产。化验证明这说法正确。

(l)材料中土壤学家的思维方法有(3分)

①分析方法   ②直觉方法   ③综合方法   ④想象方法

A.①②    B.①③    C.①②③    D.②③④

(2)有人认为,矛盾分析法是上述思维方法的集中表现。请给予评析。(7分)

答案

A.(1)(3分)B

(2)(7分)①我国经济社会发展不平衡,只有适当给地方政府放权,才能更好地让地方因地制宜主动开展工作。(2分)②我国是单一制国家,各级地方利益都是国家整体利益的一部分,地方必须服从中央的统一领导。(3分)③要处理好中央和地方的关系,充分发挥中央和地方两个积极性。(2分)

B.(1)(3分)B

(2)(7分)①辩证的分析和综合是客观事物的矛盾在思维中的反映。辩证的分析和综合方法是矛盾分析法的集中体现。(2分)②任何事物都矛盾的统一体。人们要深刻地认识事物,就必须分析矛盾,才能综合把握事物的本质和规律。(3分)③辩证的分析与综合是综合之中有分析,分析之中有综合(或者答:在分析与综合的对立统一中,推动认识不断由向高级发展)。(2分)

题目分析:A.(1)国务院机构改革的决定由全国人大表决通过表明全国人大是最高国家权力机关,行使最高决定权;同时也表明了国务院作为最高行政机关与全国人大这一最高权力机关的关系,国务院由全国人大产生,对全国人大负责,是全国人大的执行机关。因此选①③;②与题干无关;④错误。本题答案选A。(2)给地方政府放权就是分析中央和地方的关系。把地方的事情做好,需要地方掌握一定的权力,这一观点需要肯定;但必须指出“只有给地方政府放权,才能把地方的事情做好”的观点过于绝对化,应从我国是单一制国家,地方应服从中央的角度进行说明,最后归纳应如何处理好两者的关系即可。B.(1)土壤学家对土壤的成份进行了分析,最终得出了“当然会增产”结论,这一过程运用了分析与综合相结合的思维方法,因此①③入选。本题答案选B。(2)矛盾分析法是辩证的分析和综合思维方法的集中表现这一观点充分表明了矛盾分析法与辩证的分析和综合思维方法的关系。首先概括两者关系,其次从认识事物的角度说明运用分析与综合的方法才能正确把握事物的本质和规律,再次从分析与综合的关系中说明体现即对立又统一的矛盾观点。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

                                                        Thanks a Million, Dad

     I was born disabled. A difficult birth, feet first, my head stuck.By my first birthday, I couldn't stand or

walk.

     When I was three, the doctor told dad I had cerebral palsy (脑瘫).A loss of oxygen to my brain had

destroyed brain signals to the right side of my body.

     But no son of my dad' s was going to be disabled. Every morning before breakfast and every evening

before bed, my dad placed me on the bedroom floor to exercise my right leg. The muscles were shrunk

and twisted together. Back and forth up and down, my dad pushed and pulled the muscles into shape.

     But my dad' s exercise of passion didn't stop there. For my 13th birthday, he threw me a special party. When everybody was gone, he brought me to open a large box, it was a-set of boxing gloves. We put

them on. My dad kept on beating me mercilessly. Each time I tried to get up, leather kissed my nose,

eyes and jaw. I "begged him to stop. He said he beat me to get me ready for the tough world.

     That same year, I was the only kid in my neighborhood that wasn't picked for Little League. Two

weeks later. Dad started the Shedd Park Minor League, and every kid played. Dad coached us and

made me a pitcher (棒球投手).

     The power of my dad' s love guaranteed I walked and more. In high school, I became a football star.

In 1997, a brain surgeon in San Jose told me I didn't t have cerebral palsy after all. He explained how and where the doctor' s forceps (镊子) at birth had damaged my brain.

      My dad never knew the whole truth since he passed away years ago. But all that counts is the bottom

line. After all his madness, on this Father' s Day, like every Father' s Day, I' m no longer disabled.

1.What caused the author' s disability?

A. A failed operation.

B. The doctor's forceps.

C. An accident in a game.

D. Shrunken and twisted muscles.

2. What do we learn from the passage?

A. The author has a talent for boxing.

B. The author achieved a lot thanks to his father' s love.

C. The author became a baseball star with the help of his father.

D. The author doesn't think his father should be so strict with him.

3. Paragraph 3 suggests that the author' s father____.

A. wouldn't give up hope easily

B. believed his son was a normal child

C. blamed the doctors for his son' s disability

D. couldn't accept the truth that his son was disabled

4. The author wrote the passage to ____.

A. remember his father

B. encourage disabled children

C. show the difficulty the disabled face

D. give advice to the parents of disabled children

单项选择题