问题 选择题

如图所示,硬杆一端通过铰链固定在墙上的B点,另一端装有滑轮,重物用绳拴住通过滑轮固定于墙上的A点,若杆、滑轮及绳的质量和摩擦均不计,将绳的固定端从A点稍向下移,再使之平衡时,则

A.杆与竖直墙壁的夹角减小

B.绳的拉力减小,滑轮对绳的作用力增大

C.绳的拉力不变,滑轮对绳的作用力增大

D.绳的拉力、滑轮对绳的作用力都不变

答案

AC

将绳的固定端从A点稍向下移,再使之平衡时,滑轮两侧细绳夹角减小,合力方向一定沿夹角的平分线,杆与竖直墙壁的夹角减小,选项A正确;将绳的固定端从A点稍向下移,再使之平衡时,绳的拉力不变,滑轮对绳的作用力增大,选项C正确BD错误。

单项选择题
填空题


In the following passage, there are 25 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 25 minutes.
Some consumer researchers distinguish (1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" (2) the traditional economic sense that assumes (3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives (4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). (5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based (6) totally objective criteria, such (7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods (8) to personal or subjective criteria—the desire (9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is (10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. (11) , it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, (12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based (13) the individual’s own needs as (14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear (15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational (16) the context of the consumer’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. (17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. (19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far (20) to suggest that emphasis (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously (22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not (23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences, (24) what they perceive to be (25) their own best interests.