问题 解答题

如图是果树栽培生产中常用的一项生产技术的操作步骤示意图,请据图回答:

(1)图中操作步骤是在生产实践中常见的______方式,属于______生殖.

(2)①称为______,②称为______.①与②结合时应当使①与②的______紧密结合,以确保①的成活.

(3)______(列举两例)等很多果树都是利用这种方式来繁育优良品种的.

(4)新形成的植株将表现出[______]______的性状.

(5)在嫁接过程中,人们选择的应是①中的______性状,通过嫁接,果树可保持这种性状.

答案

(1)嫁接是指把一个植物体的芽或枝,接在另一个植物体上,使结合在一起的两部分长成一个完整的植物体.从图片中可以判断出,把①接到②上,是嫁接.由图可知嫁接没有精子和卵细胞结合成受精卵的过程,属于无性繁殖.

(2)嫁接时,接上去的枝条为接穗,为图中的①,被接的植物是砧木,为图中的②,嫁接时二者的形成层要结合紧密,才能保证接穗成活.

(3)嫁接是在果树栽培中的一个重要措施,它不但繁殖速度快,而且能保持其优良性状,使果树高产优质.苹果树、桃树等很多果树都是利用这种方式来繁育优良品种的.

(4)嫁接属于无性繁殖,保证了后代性状的稳定性,①接穗决定品种的优劣.

(5)嫁接中我们一般用有优良性状的枝条或芽做接穗,通过嫁接,果树可保持这种性状.

故答案为::(1)嫁接;无性

(2)接穗;砧木;形成层

(3)苹果树、桃树

(4)①;接穗

(5)优良

阅读理解

Like most teenagers in the world, Joso Montanaro a teen artist in Brazil, likes reading and drawing cartoons. But he is special—his drawings get published(出版).

Montanaro is now drawing cartoons for Folha. Folha is Brazil’s largest newspaper and is known for its cartoons. Montanaro has already been working at Folha for two years. Each week he draws two, there or four cartoons and sends them to the paper. From those editors choose one for the next day’s page.

Montanaro draws about the news of the day. Recently he worked on The Wave—a drawing of the tsunami(海啸) that hit Japan. Montanaro also likes to draw cartoons about the funny things that happen in Brazilian politics(政治).

“I like doing political drawings because you can joke about somebody bigger than you.” Montanaro says.

Folha’s art director ,Mario Kanno, says editors saw something new and different in Montanaro’s work.“We brought him in with this idea to show that, yes, young people also read newspapers and can show their ideas on politics,”Kanno says.

Montanaro’s love for cartoons began when be was only 7 or 8 year old. His dad bought him comics. Montanaro says these books gave him the ideas that got him drawing.“I think those great works have really helped me,”he says.“They remind me that I should draw something in my book every day.”

小题1:What is Montanaro doing for Folha now?

A.He is publishing story books.

B.He is drawing cartoons.

C.He is sending newspapers.

D.He is writing articles.小题2:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Folha is famous for its cartoons.

B.Folha is the largest newspaper in Brazil.

C.Montanaro draws one cartoon for Folha every week.

D.Montanaro began to work for Folha two years ago.小题3:Why does Montanaro like drawing political cartoons?

A.Because he can show his ideas on politics.

B.Because he is very interested in political jobs.

C.Because he thinks it’s easier to draw political cartoons.

D.Because he can make fun of some important people.小题4:What made Montanaro draw and helped him a lot in his drawings?

A.The comics his dad bought him.

B.His interest in cartoon films.

C.The fun of drawing cartoons.

D.His dad’s ideas about cartoons.小题5:What’s the best title for this passage?

A.Folha’s art director.

B.Brazil’s largest newspaper.

C.Teen artist in Brazil.

D.Montanaro’s great father.

单项选择题