问题 选择题

岩芯是根据地质工作或工程的需要,使用环状钻头及其他工具,从孔内取出的圆柱状岩石样品。湖泊沉积记录的环境演化主要受气候冷暖干湿变化的控制,沉积物中碳酸盐含量的高低分别指示了湖水的咸化与淡化,可以间接反映气候的干湿变化;质量磁化率可以粗略地反映气候的干湿变化,气候湿润利于磁性矿物的形成与聚集。

小题1:结合“我国西北内陆某封闭湖泊采样点垂直剖面图”,判断下列说法正确的是 

A.采样点岩芯埋藏越浅,距当今时间越远

B.采样点岩芯的沉积年代约为2000年

C.在68.5cm深处磁化率达到最大值,而对应的碳酸盐含量也达到最大值

D.总体来看,磁化率变化曲线和碳酸盐含量变化曲线基本上呈反向变化小题2:关于1910~1930年该湖泊的环境特征,说法正确的是                          

A.总体上气候趋于冷干,湖泊蒸发量小于降水量

B.总体上气候趋于暖湿,湖泊得到较多的降水和径流补给

C.湖泊水位、盐度变化主要受人类活动的影响

D.总体上湖泊水位较低,水体盐度较高

答案

小题1:D

小题2:D

小题1:本题考查地理图表的判读能力。采样点岩芯埋藏越浅,距当今时间越近;采样点岩芯的沉积年代约为200年;在68.5cm深处磁化率达到最大值,而对应的碳酸盐含量达到最小值;总体来看,磁化率变化曲线和碳酸盐含量变化曲线基本上呈反向变化。所以本题选择D选项。

小题2:1910-1930年该湖沉积样品的磁化率低,碳酸盐含量高。根据沉积物中碳酸盐含量的高低分别指示了湖水的咸化与淡化,可以间接反映气候的干湿变化;质量磁化率可以粗略地反映气候的干湿变化,气候湿润利于磁性矿物的形成与聚集。可以反映该段时间,气候较为干旱,所以总体上湖泊水位较低,水体盐度较高。所以本题选择D选项。

阅读理解

Thousands of years ago, people didn’t know that the Earth moved. They thought the sun really did move across the sky. The Greek god Helios was said to drive the sun around the sky with his chariot(战车). But now, these ideas have all changed. Nowadays, it is the sun that drives our “chariot” around the sky.

So what does all this mean? Well, quite simply, there is now a plane (or “chariot”) that is powered by the sun. It has special parts in its wings. These parts absorb power from the sun. They absorb so much power that they can carry on flying at night. In the Greek myths(希腊神话), Helios had to take a break at night. It seems we’re finally even more efficient than the gods themselves.

This plane is called Solar Impulse (“太阳驱动”号). It will fly across the US in May. This is very important for the future of the world.

So why is solar energy so good for us? Well, other kinds of energy cause a few problems. If you live in China, you’ve probably noticed the pollution. This is caused by burning coal or gas to make energy. The heat and chemicals(化学制品)from this make things work. But if we use the heat from the sun, we don’t have to burn anything, and there’s no pollution.

Solar energy is not all there yet. It needs to be improved. But the best thing about it is that, unlike coal and gas, it doesn’t run out. Solar Impulse could keep flying forever. Well, actually, the sun will run out too, one day, but not for another 5 billion years. That’s a pretty long flight.

小题1:What does “chariot” really refer to in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?

A.The Earth.

B.The Greek god.

C.Solar Impulse.

D.Birds.小题2:Which of the following is TRUE of Solar Impulse?

A.It can only fly at night.

B.It has already flown across the US.

C.It is powered by the sun.

D.It needs gas to work.小题3:In the passage, what is mentioned as the cause of pollution in China?

A.Overpopulation.

B.Burning coal or gas.

C.Using solar energy.

D.Heavy traffic.小题4:What does the writer mean by “That’s a pretty long flight”?

A.It takes a lot of time to get Solar Impulse going.

B.Solar Impulse moves very slowly.

C.Solar Impulse will be in use for a long time.

D.Solar Impulse has a long way to go to take the place of the sun.小题5:The passage is most probably taken from___________.

A.a Greek myth

B.a science fiction

C.a story-book

D.a science magazine

判断题