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患者女，37岁，劳累后突发寒战、高热1天、伴腰痛，尿频、急、痛，查体：体温39.6℃，呼吸24次/分，脉搏100次/分，血压90/60mmHg，左肾区叩痛（+）。尿常规白细胞满视野，红细胞10～15个/HP，可见白细胞管型，尿蛋白（+）。

该患者最可能的感染途径是（）

A.直接感染

B.淋巴道感染

C.血行感染

D.上行感染

E.以上均不是

F.以上均可能

答案

参考答案：D

单项选择题 A1/A2型题

期前收缩之后出现代偿性间歇的原因是（）

A.窦房结的节律性兴奋延迟发放

B.窦房结的节律性兴奋传出速度减慢

C.室性期前收缩的有效不应期特别长

D.窦房结的一次节律性兴奋落在室性期前收缩的有效不应期内

E.房室间隔的影响
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单项选择题

Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed an innate (天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Experience and learning then provide only information about the (1) instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2) .

This linguistic approach (3) the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. What is learned is not strings of words per se (本身), but (4) rules that enable a speaker to (5) an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6) single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7) with the particular thing signified, but (8) all members of a general class.

This view of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9) into existing psychological frameworks and (10) a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles "intrinsic (原有的) to the mind" that provide invariant structures (11) perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12) all of these processes; thus its study (13) our theories of knowledge in general.

Basic to this model of language is the notion that a child’s learning of language is a kind of theory (14) . It’s thought to be accomplished (15) explicit instruction, (16) of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17) or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18) , the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19) power. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20) it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.

12（）

A.deals

B.covers

C.involves

D.engages
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