问题 单项选择题 A2型题

1岁女婴。腹泻6~7天,10小时无尿,嗜睡,呼吸深长,皮肤发花,弹性差,前囟、眼眶明显凹陷,肢冷脉弱,心率160次/分,心音低钝,应诊断为()

A.重度脱水+酸中毒

B.重度脱水+低钾血症

C.中度脱水+低钾血症

D.中度脱水+酸中毒+心力衰竭

E.重度脱水+低钾血症+心力衰竭

答案

参考答案:A

解析:重度脱水表现为精神萎靡、烦躁或昏睡、昏迷,失水比例占体重10%以上,皮肤弹性极差,口腔黏膜干燥极明显,前囟、眼眶凹陷极明显,无泪,尿量很少或无尿,出现周围循环衰竭表现,严重酸中毒。严重酸中毒表现为呼吸深快、恶心呕吐、口唇呈樱桃红色、精神萎靡、昏睡。严重者(pH<7.2时)心率减慢,血压下降,心力衰竭等。而低钾血症主要表现为精神萎靡,四肢无力,腱反射减弱或消失,心音低钝,腹胀,肠鸣音减弱等,重者出现心律不齐,心脏扩大,心电图示T波增宽、低平或倒置,出现U波,以及肠麻痹、呼吸肌麻痹而危及生命。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Lisa was running late. Lisa, 25, had a lot to do at work, plus visitors on the way : her parents were coming in for Thanksgiving from her hometown. But as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warn. By the time she got to the platform, Lisa felt weak and tired—maybe it hadn’t been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought. She rested herself against a post close to the tracks. Several yards away, Frank, 43, and his girlfriend, Jennifer, found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop. They were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying. But when he heard the scream, followed by someone yelling, "Oh, my God, she fell in!" Frank didn’t hesitate. He jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails. "No! Not you!" his girlfriend screamed after him. She was right to be alarmed. By the time Frank reached Lisa, he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming. The train was about 20 seconds from the station.
It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the grins and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse. Lisa thought she’d been robbed. A woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt to help stop the blood pouring from her head. She tried to talk but she couldn’t, and that was when she realized how much pain she was in. Police and fire officials soon arrived, and Frank told the story to an officer. Jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40 minute train ride downtown—just as he had been seconds after the rescue, which made her think about her reaction at the time. "I saw the train coming and I was thinking he was going to die", she explained.

The passage is intended to ______.

A. warn us of the danger in the subway
B. show us how to save people in the subway
C. tell us about a subway rescue
D. report a traffic accident