问题 多项选择题

机械决定论和辩证决定论的区别在于

A.是否承认事物发展的规律性
B.是否承认意识的能动性
C.是否承认偶然性
D.是否承认因果联系的复杂性

答案

参考答案:B,C,D

解析:决定论是承认规律性、因果联系的客观普遍性、必然性的哲学观点和学说,一般来说属于唯物主义。唯心主义决定论和神学宿命是伪决定论。非决定论是否认规律性、因果联系的客观普遍性、必然性的哲学观点和学说,属于唯心主义。机械决定论是只承认规律性、因果联系的客观普遍性、必然性,否认意识能动性、因果联系的复杂性、偶然性的哲学观点和学说。辩证决定论是既承认规律性、因果联系的客观普遍性、必然性,又承认意识能动性、因果联系复杂性、偶然性的哲学观点和学说。辩证唯物主义是辩证决定论,反对非决定论和机械决定论。由此可见,“是否承认意识的能动性”、“是否承认偶然性”、“是否承认因果联系的复杂性”,是机构决定论和辩证法决定论的区别,选项B、C、D正确。“是否承认事物发展的规律”是属于决定论和非决定论的区别,不是机械决定论和辩证论决定论的区别,因此,备选项A是错误的。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant

smells of kabob (烤肉串) hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.

     Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many

restaurants lack. The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the

environment is truly charming. Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all

customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking.

     A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics,

watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, reading local Persian

newspapers all the while and trying to finish off their plate piled with food.

     The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. Most of the

meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well. The

food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited

fat and oil and served straight off the grill (烤肉架).

     The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of grilled meat. One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces

served with either rice or bread. Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grilled

beef.

     Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. It is a place that should not

be overlooked.

1. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it________.

A. is splendidly decorated

B. has pleasant smells of kabobs

C. is crowded with dining tables

D. looks like a common restaurant

2. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?

A. Watching news events on TV.

B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.

C. Reading local English newspapers.

D. Discussing world topics in low voices.

3. What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?

A. Rice  

B. Chicken

C. Bread  

D. Beef

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant _______.

A. occupies a large space

B. owns a favorable location

C. is popular for its special food

D. has a quiet environment inside

单项选择题