问题 阅读理解

阅读理解。

    Do you know the story about Tom? It was a true story. Tom was an English boy and he was eight years

  old. Tom didn't like soap or water. Three or four times a day his mother said to him, "Tom, your hands

 are very dirty again. Go and wash them." But Tom never wash them well. He only put his hands in the

 water for a few second and then took them out again.

     Tom's uncle and aunt lived in another city. One day they came to stay with Tom's parents, and they

 brought their small son, Ted, with them. Ted was seven years old and he didn't like soap or water, either.

     The boys sat with their parents for a few minutes and then they went outside. When they were playing,

 Tom looked at Ted's hand and then went back to Ted's parents and said proudly (骄傲地), " Ted's hands

  are dirtier than mine(比我的更脏)."

     "Of course they are." Ted said angrily, "You are one year older than I am."

1. Tom's mother asked him to _____ three or four times a day.

    A. wash his hands

    B. do his homework

    C. clean his bedroom

    D. wash his teeth

2. When Tom saw Ted's hands, he felt____.

    A. sorry

    B. proud

    C. sad

    D. happily

3. Tom's hand is a little _____ than Ted's.

    A. dirtier

    B. cleaner

    C. bigger

    D. smaller

4. From the story we know that _____.

    A. Tom liked soap and water, but Ted didn't

    B. Ted liked soap and water, but Tom didn't

    C. Tom and Ted liked soap and water

    D. Tom and Ted didn't like soap or water

5. How many people are there in the story?

    A. Four.

    B. Five.

   C. Six.

    D. Seven.

答案

1—5: ABBDC

单项选择题

《诗经》原来是诗,不是“经”,这在咱们今天是很准确的。但在封建社会里,诗三百篇却被尊为“经“,统治阶段拿它来做封建教化的工具。
从西周初期到春秋中叶,诗三百篇是一种配乐演唱的乐歌。这些乐歌一方面用于祭祀、宴会和各种典礼,当作仪式的一部分或娱乐宾主的节目。另一方面则用于政治、外交及其他社会生活,当作表情达意的工具,其作用和平常的语言差不多,当然它更加曲折动人。例如周代有一种“献诗陈志”的做法,当一些人看到国君或者同僚做了什么好事或坏事,就做一首诗献给他们,达到颂美或者讽谏的目的。还有人由于个人遭受冤屈或不幸,也往往通过诗来发泄和申诉。应该说明,“献诗陈志”是要通过乐工的演唱来献给君上或同僚的,所以卿士“献诗”总和“簪献曲”或者“瞍赋”、“矇诵”并提。
在人民群众的生活里,诗歌也常用于表情达意,例如《诗经·邶风·新台》和《诗经·秦风·黄鸟》等,都是针对具体的现实问题而发的。古代史传中还有一些不在三百篇之内的“徒歌”,例如《左传·宣公二年》记载宋国 * * 华元被郑国人提了去,后来逃回来,人民讥笑这位败军之将,做了一个歌儿对他唱。这样的歌,从性质上说和“献诗陈志”没有什么分别。不过士大夫献诗,是特地做了乐工唱的;庶人的作品则先是在社会上流传,给采访诗歌的人收集去了,才配上乐曲,达到统治阶段的耳中。
在外交宴会等场合,宾主各方往往通过“赋诗”来表达愿望和态度。“赋诗”时点出现成的诗篇,叫乐工们演唱,通过诗歌的问答,了解彼此的立场,这就叫“赋诗言志”。这种“赋诗”往往不管原作本身的内容和意义,仅仅是把赋诗者的观点和愿望寄托在诗中某几句之上,来作比喻和暗示,所以是一种典型的断章取义。《左传·襄公二十六年》记晋侯为了卫国一个叛臣的缘故,把卫侯羁押起来,齐侯和郑伯到晋国去说情,郑国的子晨就赋《诗经·郑风·将仲子》一诗。《将仲子》本来是一首爱情诗歌,这当中有“人之多言,亦可畏也”的话,是说女的爱着男的,又怕旁人说闲话;子晨却借用来说,晋侯纵然有理由,但“人言可畏”,别人看来总是为了一个叛臣。
三百篇到了孔子的时代,由于新声代替古乐,造成了诗与乐的分家,诗也就由乐歌逐渐变为纯粹的语言艺术了,“赋诗”、“献曲”也不大见到了。诗三百篇在社会上的实际用途缩小了,封建士大夫就逐渐把诗的意义和封建教化的原则联系起来。比如公孙丑问《伐檀》诗中,为什么君子不耕而食孟子回答道:“国君用了他,就得到安富尊荣;子弟信从他,就学会孝悌忠信。君子不劳而食,还有谁比他功劳更大呢”封建统治阶级就是这样“以意逆志”,最后把诗尊为“经”。直到五四运动以后,这部伟大的诗集才冲开了各种乌烟瘴气,在思想和艺术上放射出夺目的光辉。

下面关于《诗经》的说法,正确的一项是______。

A.《诗经》在古代是经,被用作封建教化的工具,在现代则是诗
B.本文共提到《诗经》的三种作用,即:用于祭祀、宴会和各种典礼;用于政治、外交及其他社会生活,当作表情达意的工具;用于封建教化
C.“献诗陈志”与“赋诗言志”都是从诗歌可以表情达意的角度说明《诗经》的作用的,因此二者没有什么区别
D.《诗经》经历了一个从乐歌到“经”再到诗的发展历程

选择题