“自顶向下”开发信息系统的策略最适合下列哪一类系统
A．大型信息系统
B．小型信息系统
C．半结构化信息系统
D．非结构化信息系统
参考答案：A
解析：计算机系统开发方法论是在实践中逐步形成和完善的。早期的分析、设计和开发方法基本是遵循“自下而上”的分析和设计方法，随着信息系统规模扩大，“自下而上”开发方法已不适合新的需要，因而出现了“自顶向下”的开发方法。
| 完形填空。 | |||
| I was always complaining about wind or rain. 1 it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I 2 it strongly. On a rainy day a meteorologist (气象学家) I met was very 3 at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me. He asked, "Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?" I shook my head. I had no 4 of how overwhelming it was when it 5 everything away in its way. "Well, let me tell you," the meteorologist said. "Without it the 6 of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great 7 of water supply on earth, Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of 8 . The equatorial area that receives the most sunshine on earth 9 entirely on typhoon to disperse(驱散)heat. Without typhoon the tropics would be even 10 while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones would 11 from the world..." Ignorance made me 12 . I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹乱) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoon-something much more violent, something a thousand times more 13 than wind or rain-was a 14 to the existence of mankind. 15 no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there's no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases. 16 as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop 17 for a moment before he complains. " 18 disappeared all together? What would the world become then?" The 19 will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth---he will be better 20 of the world he lives in. | |||
| ( )1. A. But ( )2. A. refused ( )3. A. excited ( )4. A. experience ( )5. A. washed ( )6. A. shortage ( )7. A. resource ( )8. A. warmth ( )9. A. holds ( )10. A. warmer ( )11. A. disappear ( )12. A. farsighted ( )13. A. appealing ( )14. A. trouble ( )15. A. Since ( )16. A. Impossible ( )17. A. thinking ( )18. A. How come ( )19. A. theories ( )20. A. careful | B. Therefore B. blamed B. puzzled B. sign B. frightened B. supply B. power B. energy B. keeps B. hotter B. move B. out of sight B. frightening B. danger B. As B. Wrong B. to think B. What about B. answers B. kind | C. Although C. punished C. encouraged C. sense C. swung C. amount C. strength C. water C. moves C. cooler C. escape C. in sight C. disturbing C. must C. When C. Hard C. to rest C. What if C. phenomena C. aware | D. Unless D. fought D. delighted D. recognition D. swept D. waste D. source D. wealth D. depends D. better D. remove D. shortsighted D. exciting D. lead D. While D. Easy D. resting D. Even if D. complaints D. tired |