问题 填空题

钛(Ti )被称为继铁、铝之后的第三金属.如下图所示,将钛厂、氯碱厂和甲醇厂组成产业链可以大大提高资源利用率,减少环境污染.请填写下列空白:

(l)电解饱和食盐水时,总反应的离子方程式是______.

(2)写出钛铁矿经氯化法得到四氯化钛的化学方程式(不用写条件)______.

(3)已知:①Mg(s)+Cl2(g)=MgCl2(s)△H=-641kJ•mol-1

②Ti(s)+2Cl2(g)=TiCl4(s)△H=-770kJ•mol-1

则2Mg(s)+TiCl4(s)=2MgCl2(s)+Ti(s)△H=______.

反应2Mg(s)+TiCl4(s)

2MgCl2(s)+Ti,在Ar气氛中进行的理由是:______.

(4)在上述产业链中,合成96t 甲醇理论上需额外补充H2______ t (不考虑生产过程中物质的任何损失).

(5)以甲醇、空气、氢氧化钾溶液为原料,石墨为电极可构成燃料电池.已知该燃料电池的总反应式为:2CH3OH+3O2+4OH-=2CO32-+6H2O,正极发生的电极方程式为:3O2+6H2O+12e-=12OH-.该电池中负极上的电极反应式是______.

答案

(1)因电解饱和食盐水时,Cl-在阳极放电,H+在阴极放电,所以反应的离子方程式是:2Cl-+2H2

2OH-+H2↑+Cl2↑,故答案为:2Cl-+2H2

2OH-+H2↑+Cl2↑    

(2)按流程图找出反应物和生成物,方程式为:2FeTiO3+6C+7Cl2=2FeCl3+2TiCl4+6CO

(3)反应2Mg(s)+TiCl4(s)=2MgCl2(s)+Ti(s)可看做反应①×2-②得到,根据盖斯定律得△H-641kJ/mol×2-(-770 kJ/mol)=-512kJ•mol-1

  反应2Mg(s)+TiCl4(s)

2MgCl2(s)+Ti(s)在Ar气氛中进行的理由是Mg和Ti都有较强还原性,在高温下都易被空气中的O2氧化.

故答案为:-512 kJ/mol;Mg和Ti都有强还原性,在Ar气氛中可以防止被氧化.

    (4)CO+2H2→CH3OH             

             28   4   32

             X   Y     96吨

解得:X=84吨   Y=12吨  

         2FeTiO3+6C+7Cl2=2FeCl3+2TiCl4+6CO

                    497               168 

                     Z                 84吨

解得:Z=248.5吨

        2Cl-+2H2

2OH-+H2↑+Cl2

                                2     71

                                P      248.5吨

解得:P=7吨

所以需额外补充H25t,

故答案为:5

(5)以甲醇、空气、氢氧化钾溶液为原料,石墨为电极可构成燃料电池,正极反应为:3O2+12H2O+12e-=12OH-,总反应式为:2CH3OH+3O2+4OH-=2CO32-+6H2O,两式相减,负极反应为:2CH3OH-12e-+16OH-=2CO32-+12H2O,

故答案为:2CH3OH-12e-+16OH-=2CO32-+12H2O.

完形填空
完形填空。 
     The tourism has become a very big  1       . Millions of people now  2        their holidays in other
countries. The travel companies say that spending holidays in   3       places can help people to understand
each other better. This can help towards peace (和平) and love among the 4        . These ideas may bring
good business,  5        they aren't true to life. Very  6         of today's tourists want to know the people of
the countries they are _7      . They just want a week or two of sunshine to lie on the  8 ___ by the sea.
Most tourists do not want to discover things for 9         . They   10      want to travel and stay with their
own families or friends for the whole holidays. The tourist business is really very easy for the travel
companies.
( )1. A. business  
( )2. A. live      
( )3. A. beautiful  
( )4. A. world      
( )5. A. while      
( )6. A. few        
( )7. A. visited    
( )8. A. boat      
( )9. A. himself    
( )10. A. just      
B. work      
B. pass      
B. familiar  
B. nations  
B. and      
B. a few    
B. visting  
B. ship      
B. herself  
B. still    
C. thing      
C. cost      
C. same      
C. states    
C.but        
C. little    
C. traveled  
C. sand      
C. themselves
C. yet        
D. matter      
D. spend        
D. different    
D. universe    
D. or          
D. a little    
D. traveling    
D. bank        
D. itself      
D. very much    
单项选择题 A1/A2型题