问题 选择题

有学者写到“与西方思想启蒙明显不同,从文字阐述到政治实践,西方的思想启蒙一直把人的价值、人的自由权力作为基本起始点和归宿。而中国的思想启蒙长期以来偏离了这个方向,人的价值、人的权力始终没有成为思想启蒙的起点和归途。”对以上材料理解正确的是

A.西方思想启蒙以宗教改革中个体的觉醒为基础

B.五四运动在侧重救亡的同时忽略了个体的启蒙

C.造成中西思想启蒙差异是由于工业化程度不同

D.五四运动后的中国思想界加强了对个体的重视

答案

答案:B

题目分析:本题考查调用所学知识解读历史材料信息的能力,从文字阐述到政治实践,之所以人的价值、人的权力之所以没有成为思想启蒙的起点和归途,原因在于近代中国面临的时代主题是救亡图存,挽救民族危机,即侧重于救亡忽视了个体的启蒙,故B项正确;AD两项不符合史实,排除,C项工业化程度不同不是最主要的原因,不如B项更符合近代中国的国情,故排除。

填空题


In the following passage, there are 25 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 25 minutes.
Some consumer researchers distinguish (1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" (2) the traditional economic sense that assumes (3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives (4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). (5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based (6) totally objective criteria, such (7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods (8) to personal or subjective criteria—the desire (9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is (10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. (11) , it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, (12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based (13) the individual’s own needs as (14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear (15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational (16) the context of the consumer’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. (17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. (19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far (20) to suggest that emphasis (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously (22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not (23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences, (24) what they perceive to be (25) their own best interests.

问答题 简答题