问题 多项选择题 案例分析题

患者男性,14岁。因自幼发现心脏杂音伴活动后心慌气短两年入院。体格检查发育正常,血压12/8KPa(90/60mmHg),颈静脉不怒张,口唇无紫绀,胸骨左缘二、三肋间可及轻度收缩期震颤,并闻及Ⅲ级吹风样收缩期杂音,肺动脉二音增强,分裂,窦性心律,心率90次/分。腹平软,无压痛,肝脾不肿大,无杆状指(趾)。患者平时仅在活动后有心慌气短,无蹲踞现象,易患呼吸道感染。

下列哪些是手术适应证()

A.房间膈缺损临床表现有口唇紫绀

B.房间膈缺损左向右分流

C.房间膈缺损右向左分流

D.房间膈缺损已有右心衰存在

E.房间膈缺损合并有其他心脏畸形存在

F.房间膈缺损同时合并有左心室发育不全

G.近两日有明显肺部感染存在、发热

答案

参考答案:B, E

阅读理解

About 45 percent of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to a recent survey. However, the benefits of getting enough sleep far outweigh the thrill of watching TV for one more hour or surfing the web. Getting a better night’s sleep will help you lose or keep your weight more effectively. Try these simple steps to improve your quality of sleep.

Take time to relax

So many of us go-go-go until it’s time for bed, but it’s important to take time to slow down and relax before sleeping. Do relaxing things, such as listening to soothing (抚慰的) music or deep breathing. Avoid stimulating (刺激的) activities such as writing e-mails, talking on the phone and watching TV. Some guidelines (指导方针): no e-mail after 8 p.m. and no TV or phone calls after 9 p.m..

Darker is better

Your body regulates your sleep cycle in response to the presence and absence of light, so dim the lights as evening approaches. Try getting ready for bed by candlelight. When you’re ready to sleep, make sure your room is as dark as possible.

Put your thoughts to bed

We all need time to process our day, but bed is not the place to do it if you want to sleep well. Take 10 to 15 minutes to record your thoughts in a journal. This effective technique will capture what’s in your mind so you don’t lie awake. Tell yourself you’re putting your thoughts to bed so that you can go to bed.

No sugar or alcohol before bed

These may wake you up. If you need a snack before bed, make it protein.

Try to get more sleep

Get an extra hour or two of sleep every night for a week and see how you feel. You’ll notice the difference!

小题1:The purpose of writing this text is to ________________________.

A.share some ways to slow down and relax before sleeping

B.guide readers to improve their quality of sleep

C.tell readers the importance of getting a good night’s sleep

D.publish the results of a recent survey on quality of sleep小题2:According to the text, we know that __________________________.

A.we should keep our bedrooms in strong light before going to bed

B.writing a diary may excite us and influence our sleep

C.we should never get up later on weekends than we do on weekdays

D.candlelight is a good choice for our bedrooms when we’re getting ready to sleep小题3: We should take time to slow down because it can _________________________.

A.inform us of the importance of sleeping

B.signal to our body it’s time to sleep

C.tell us to stop watching TV for making phone calls

D.tell us not to do stimulating activities

填空题

Some consumer researchers distinguish (1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" (2) the traditional economic sense that assumes (3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives (4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). (5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based (6) totally objective criteria, such (7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods (8) to personal or subjective criteria—the desire (9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is (10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. (11) , it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, (12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based (13) the individual’s own needs as (14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear (15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational (16) the context of the consumer’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. (17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. (19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far (20) to suggest that emphasis (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously (22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not (23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences, (24) what they perceive to be (25) their own best interests.